Question

describe the differences and similarities between the three different types of horizontal gene transfer.

Answer 1

Three different types of horizontal gene transfer are transformation, conjugation and transduction. These three types of gene transfer process has some similarities and differences. All are described in details in the following images.
which Ivirus an a reeton. need e physical contact Differences between transformation, conjugation & Transdecction Tranformation Tkansformation is the process by which lz. Conjugation is the prock by Conjugation Transduction 1. Transduction is the process by which porno ani nevoie serialinis directly uptaken DNA is transferred from the donor surroundings. DNA is transforred from donor baderia bacteriun to the recipient bacterium. to recipient bacteria by using a 2. It involves only one bacterium. 2. It involves two bacteria, one is donorod 2. It involves two bacteria and one other is recipient. virus, Aarong 2 bacteria one is doron and another is recipient. 3. No physical contact is required 3. This process 3. This proces involves two bacteria between two bacteria' and joined but no physical contact is required together by a csajugation tube. to transfor DNA. 4. Escogenous DNA a transformation 14. This process is DNase resistant as process is also resistant to is sensitive to DNase. the DNA is present inside the bacteria Nare, no naked DNA is present. 6. Aving transfer naked Dot mores 5. Lesering tomaten. DNA is transferred. S. DNA is transferred by across the cellwall and cell membrane ot vecipient. e In transduction, donon is killed 6. Ju transformation, donor is not 6. In conjugation, donon is alive. alive. 7. By this process, bacteria acquisce 7. By this process, necipient bacterium 7. Hostly, Recipient bactema does not adquire antibiotic resistance sometimes it possible 14. This through a conjugation tube bacteriophage virus, by bacteriaphage vious. antibiotic resistance. can acquire antibiotic resistance,

8. Chromosome on 9. 2. gemes adjacent to phage insertion only Doner cell release of Dion Recipient cell 7. donoro all Schematic (10. No sector as Transformation Conjugation Transduction 8. Any DNA can be transferred. plasmid can only 3. Any genes can be transferred by be transferred Jeuvialized transduction, &pecjalgenes O ANO transferred. Recipient cell scelease diagram of transformation Conjugation Phage infected of phage Recipient all 10. No sector is involved like phage Schematic diagroak of Conjugation schemale diagram of Transduction to transfor DNA required 10. Bacteriophage visus is required Only 11. Appreoximately Y. et species mobilizable u Donor and Recipient must both be aree able to transform, competent of the transducing range plasuid containing barterial seccipient cell involved in conjugation phage, 12. Species specifice DNA uptake 2. Om T and chromosomal loeus 12. Phage structural gene like eint, sequence is required. of transfer (elt) is no must head proteins, xis) are must be be needed for conjugation. needed to the perform transduction E factor is required for transfer 12. Transformation discorsed by Conjugation discovered by 13. Transduction is discovered Frederick Griffith Iostur Lederberg and Edward Conjugative and in the host as a covered by Nonton Zinder & Lederberg

process is Similarity between Transformation, Conjugation & Transduction dedoretkegel. Although the mechanism of these 3 different but how this all process, genetic material is moved horizontally as well laterally. And it plays a major role 2. Recipient of this a process living 3. In these 3 prowes, genes are transformed by homologous in bacterial evolution. is alive on Recombination mechanism