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Part III – Probability and Statistics Each question is worth 4 points. 1. Consider the following experiment and events: two f2. Let X be a discrete random variable with the probability function given by f(2) k(x2 – 2x) + 0.2 for x = 0,1, 2, 3. (Note:3. According to government data, 25% of employed women have never been married. If 20 employed women are selected at random,

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Answer #1

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Solving the question 1

1)   The sample space for the tossing of two fair coins is                           
   (HT, HH, TH, TT)                          
                              
   Total possible combinations = 4                          
   E : event that the coins match                          
   F : atleast one coin is Heads                          
                              
a) P(E ) = P(coins match)                          
          = Number of combinations where coins match / Total possible combinations                          
          = 2 / 4        …(HH, TT)                  
   P(E ) = 1/2                         
                              
   P(F) = P(at least one coin is Heads)                          
          = Number of combinations with atleast 1 head / Total possible combinations                          
          = 3/4       …(HT, HH, TH)                  
   P(F ) = 3 / 4     
                              
   P(E U F) = P(coins match or at least one coin is Heads)                          
          = Number of combinations with coins match or atleast 1 head / Total possible combinations                          
          = 4/4       …(HT, HH, TH, TT)                  
          = 1                          
   P(E U F) = 1                         
                              
   P(E ∩ F) = P(coins match AND at least one coin is Heads)                          
          = Number of combinations with coins match AND atleast 1 head / Total possible combinations                         = 1/4       …(HH)                  
   P(E ∩ F) = 1/4                          
                              
                              
b)   For events E and F to be independent, we should have P(E ∩ F) = P(E ) * P(F)                          
   P(E ) * P(F) = 1/2 * 3/4                          
       = 3/8                      
       ≠ 1/4     …P(E ∩ F)                      
   Thus,                          
   P(E ∩ F) ≠ P(E ) * P(F)                          
   The probability rule for independent events is not satisfied                          
   Hence,                          
   events E and F are not independent                         

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