Question

9. What are the 4 bases that make up the rungs of the DNA ladder? 10. What sugar is found in DNA? 11. How do the bases bond together in DNA? 12. What is the process of copying DNA called?

Answer 1

9. DNA ladder is made up of four nitrogenous bases: Adenine(A), Guanine(G), Thymine(T) and Cytosine(C).

10. DNA is made up of sugar moeity, nitrogenous bases and phosphate ions. The sugar which is present in DNA Is known as deoxyribose, which is a five carbon suagr molecule and lacks OH at 2' carbon

11. Bases bond to each other of complementary strand to give DNA its double stranded structure. They are bonded with the help of hydrogen bonds. There are two bonds formed between adenine and thymine and three hydrogen bonds are formed between guanine and cytosine.

12.The process of copying DNA is known as replication. In which one of the double strand is used as a template strand for replicaton process and is used to generate the double bond. It is an essential process as every new cells need the DNA so the DNA is replicated to create extra DNA so that it can act as the genetic content of the newly formed cells