Question

Suppose that you have 16 diatomic molecules or ions with the valence molecular orbital arrangement shown here (Figure 1) , but with different numbers of valence electrons. Species 1 has one valence electron, species 2 has two valence electrons, etc. Classify each as diamagnetic or paramagnetic.

Answer 1

Concepts and reason

The bonding and anti – bonding interaction of the molecules can be explained with the help of a molecular orbital diagram. It also gives a detailed description of bonding in molecules. The diamagnetic and paramagnetic behavior of the molecules can be explained according to the arrangement of electrons.

Fundamentals

Molecular orbital diagram:

The molecular orbital diagram consists of two types of bond. They are sigma bond $\left( \sigma \right)$ and pi bond $\left( {\rm{\pi }} \right)$ . The electrons first fill the lower energy level 2s and then moves to the higher energy level 2p. Also, the electrons first fill the bonding molecular orbital and then moves to anti – bonding molecular orbitals.

If the electrons in molecular orbitals are paired, then it is called diamagnetic. If the electrons in molecular orbitals are unpaired, then it is called paramagnetic.

Diamagnetic: 2, 4, 8, 10, 14, and 16

Paramagnetic: 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, 12, 13 and 15

Ans: