The following diagram illustrates a simple steam power plant. A 10kg/s flow of liquid water at T1=25°C enters the pump at a pressure of P1=100kPa and is then pumped to a pressure of P2=2MPa. The boiler then heats the water at constant pressure to produce superheated vapour at T3=450°C. The steam is then expanded in the turbine to a final pressure of P4=100kPa. The turbine and pump are well insulated and may be considered reversible.
a) Find the turbine exit state (quality or temperature, whichever is appropriate). (6 marks)
b) Determine the turbine power output. (4 marks)
c) Evaluate the power required to operate the pump. (3 marks)
d) Find the water temperature T2 at the exit of the pump. (4 marks)
e) Calculate the required heat input for the boiler. (3 marks)
f) If the flow velocity in the pipe at the turbine inlet is 50m/s, what is the pipe diameter? (2 marks)
g) Illustrate this cycle (identifying states 1 to 4) on a T-s diagram. (2 marks)
Homework Answers
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The following diagram illustrates a simple steam power plant. A
10kg/s flow of liquid water at...
The following diagram illustrates a simple steam power plant. A 10kg/s flow of liquid water at...
The following diagram illustrates a simple steam power plant. A
10kg/s flow of liquid water at T1=25°C enters the pump at a
pressure of P1=100kPa and is then pumped to a pressure of P2=2MPa.
The boiler then heats the water at constant pressure to produce
superheated vapour at T3=450°C. The steam is then expanded in the
turbine to a final pressure of P4=100kPa. The turbine and pump are
well insulated and may be considered reversible.
a) Find the turbine exit...
The figure shows a schematic of a power plant that has two steam turbines. The water...
The figure shows a schematic of a power plant that has two steam turbines. The water (the working fluid for the plant) leaves the high pressure turbine (HPT) as saturated vapour at 1000 [kPa]. Part of this flow is diverted to an insulated heat exchanger, which we hot airstream to create superheated steam that enters the low pressure turbine (LPT). The air mas flow rate is 19.5 k/s and the air temperature drops from 1100 to 6001 as it goes...
The figure shows a schematic of a power plant that has two steam turbines. The water...
The figure shows a schematic of a power plant that has two steam turbines. The water (the working fluid for the plant) leaves the high pressure turbine (HPT) as saturated vapour at 1000 [kPa]. Part of this flow is diverted to an insulated heat exchanger, which uses a hot air stream to create superheated steam that enters the low pressure turbine (LPT). The air mass flow rate is me=19.5 kg/s) and the air temperature drops from 1100 to 600°Cas it...
Tor steam power prants 4 marks D) A steam power plant is to be designed using the Rankine cycle with superheat. The...
Tor steam power prants 4 marks D) A steam power plant is to be designed using the Rankine cycle with superheat. The steam must enter; the turbine at pressure (P) and temperature (T), and the turbine steam exit pressure must be 0.05 bars. In order to produce 12 MW, a steam mass floW rate of 8.91 kg/s is to be used and the dryness fraction at turbine exit must be 0.9. Assuming the Rankine cycle to be ideal and neglecting...
Water is the working fluid in an ideal regenerative Rankine cycle with one open feed water heater, Figure 2. Upstream of the high pressure turbine superheated vapour with a mass flow rate of 90 kg/s...
Water is the working fluid in an ideal regenerative Rankine cycle with one open feed water heater, Figure 2. Upstream of the high pressure turbine superheated vapour with a mass flow rate of 90 kg/s entres the first-stage turbine at a pressure of 14 MPa Each turbine stage has an isentropic efficiency of 90%. The temperature of the inlet vapour is 520°C. The steam expands through the first-stage turbine to a pressure of 0.9MPa where some of the steam is...
Problem 5-Irreversible Power cycle A simple power plant cycle has saturated liquid water from a c...
Problem 5-Irreversible Power cycle A simple power plant cycle has saturated liquid water from a condenser at 100 kPa pumped into a boiler operating at 1.0 MPa. The steam leaves the boiler at 350 °C and is expanded through a turbine with the exit stream having a quality between 0 and 1. If the turbine is 80% efficient and the pump is 90% efficient in this Rankine cycle, what is the overall efficiency of the power cycle?
Problem 5-Irreversible Power...
You are to analyze a simple steam power plant. At the boiler exit, the pressure is...
You are to analyze a simple steam power plant. At the boiler exit, the pressure is 8 MPa and the temperature is 1000 °C. The turbine isentropic efficiency is 85%. The condenser pressure is 15 kPa and the water is a saturated liquid at the condenser exit. The pump isentropic efficiency is 80%. Answer the following: a) What is the quality at the exit in %, if the turbine is assumed isentropic? b) What is the work output of the...
Consider a steam power plant that operates on a reheat Rankine cycle and has a net...
Consider a steam power plant that operates on a reheat Rankine cycle and has a net power output of 80 MW. Steam enters the high-pressure turbine at 10 MPa and 550°C and the low-pressure turbine at 1 MPa and 550°C. Steam leaves the condenser as a saturated liquid at a pressure of 10 kPa. The isentropic efficiency of the turbine is 80 percent, and that of the pump is 95 percent. Show the cycle on a T-s diagram with respect...
Consider a steam power plant which operates on the simple ideal Rankine cycle (shown in the...
Consider a steam power plant which operates on the simple ideal
Rankine cycle (shown in the next page), where the boiler pressure
is 3 MPa and the condenser saturation temperature is 50°C. The
temperature at the exit of the boiler is 500°C. Water leaves the
condenser as a saturated liquid. The mass flow rate through each
component is 15 kg/s. Calculate:
1. The power output of the steam power plant
2. The thermal efficiency of the steam power plant
Now,...
Problem 5-Irreversible Power cycle A simple power plant cycle has saturated liquid water from a condenser...
Problem 5-Irreversible Power cycle A simple power plant cycle has saturated liquid water from a condenser at 100 kPa pumped into a boiler operating at 1.0 MPa. The steam leaves the boiler at 350 °C and is expanded through a turbine with the exit stream having a quality between 0 and 1. If the turbine is 80% efficient and the pump is 90% efficient in this Rankine cycle, what is the overall efficiency of the power cycle?
The following diagram illustrates a simple steam power plant. A
10kg/s flow of liquid water at T1=25°C enters the pump at a
pressure of P1=100kPa and is then pumped to a pressure of P2=2MPa.
The boiler then heats the water at constant pressure to produce
superheated vapour at T3=450°C. The steam is then expanded in the
turbine to a final pressure of P4=100kPa. The turbine and pump are
well insulated and may be considered reversible.
a) Find the turbine exit...
The figure shows a schematic of a power plant that has two steam turbines. The water (the working fluid for the plant) leaves the high pressure turbine (HPT) as saturated vapour at 1000 [kPa]. Part of this flow is diverted to an insulated heat exchanger, which we hot airstream to create superheated steam that enters the low pressure turbine (LPT). The air mas flow rate is 19.5 k/s and the air temperature drops from 1100 to 6001 as it goes...
The figure shows a schematic of a power plant that has two steam turbines. The water (the working fluid for the plant) leaves the high pressure turbine (HPT) as saturated vapour at 1000 [kPa]. Part of this flow is diverted to an insulated heat exchanger, which uses a hot air stream to create superheated steam that enters the low pressure turbine (LPT). The air mass flow rate is me=19.5 kg/s) and the air temperature drops from 1100 to 600°Cas it...
Tor steam power prants 4 marks D) A steam power plant is to be designed using the Rankine cycle with superheat. The steam must enter; the turbine at pressure (P) and temperature (T), and the turbine steam exit pressure must be 0.05 bars. In order to produce 12 MW, a steam mass floW rate of 8.91 kg/s is to be used and the dryness fraction at turbine exit must be 0.9. Assuming the Rankine cycle to be ideal and neglecting...
Water is the working fluid in an ideal regenerative Rankine cycle with one open feed water heater, Figure 2. Upstream of the high pressure turbine superheated vapour with a mass flow rate of 90 kg/s entres the first-stage turbine at a pressure of 14 MPa Each turbine stage has an isentropic efficiency of 90%. The temperature of the inlet vapour is 520°C. The steam expands through the first-stage turbine to a pressure of 0.9MPa where some of the steam is...
Problem 5-Irreversible Power cycle A simple power plant cycle has saturated liquid water from a condenser at 100 kPa pumped into a boiler operating at 1.0 MPa. The steam leaves the boiler at 350 °C and is expanded through a turbine with the exit stream having a quality between 0 and 1. If the turbine is 80% efficient and the pump is 90% efficient in this Rankine cycle, what is the overall efficiency of the power cycle?
Problem 5-Irreversible Power...
Consider a steam power plant which operates on the simple ideal
Rankine cycle (shown in the next page), where the boiler pressure
is 3 MPa and the condenser saturation temperature is 50°C. The
temperature at the exit of the boiler is 500°C. Water leaves the
condenser as a saturated liquid. The mass flow rate through each
component is 15 kg/s. Calculate:
1. The power output of the steam power plant
2. The thermal efficiency of the steam power plant
Now,...
Problem 5-Irreversible Power cycle A simple power plant cycle has saturated liquid water from a condenser at 100 kPa pumped into a boiler operating at 1.0 MPa. The steam leaves the boiler at 350 °C and is expanded through a turbine with the exit stream having a quality between 0 and 1. If the turbine is 80% efficient and the pump is 90% efficient in this Rankine cycle, what is the overall efficiency of the power cycle?
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