Question

The template strand of a given gene includes the sequence 3'-GCCACGTATCA-5' What is the sequence of the nontemplate strand (1 point)? a. 3'-CGGTGCATAGT-5' b. 5'-CGGTGCATAGT-3' c. 5'-CGGUGCAUAGU-3' d. 3'-CGGUGCAUAGU-5' In your own words (2 sentence max), what is an OPERON (3 points)? Explain why a cell needs both mRNA and tRNA in order to synthesize a protein. First, explain the function of mRNA (3 points). Describe in your own words how genetic changes lead to Sickle Cell Hemoglobin (3 points)

Answer 1

1. The non template DNA strand,which runs in the 5' to 3' direction is referred to as the coding strand since it contains the same nucleotide sequence in the mRNA strand.

Template strand is the term that refers to the starnd used by DNA polymerase to attach complementary bases during DNA replication this starnd is in 3' to 5' direction

So the answer will be b put complemantay pairing from 5'to 3'

Then answer will be b -5' CGGTGCATAGT-3'

2. An operon is a cluster of functionally related genes that are controlled by a shared operator.

Operons consist of multiple genes grouped together with a promoter and an operator.

3. Because the messengers RNA contains the codons transcribed from the DNA,in which need to match up to the anticodons represented on the tRNA proteins that have binding the respective amino acids.

For example AUG codon on the mRNA the anticodon will be UAC and thus thrtcorrect tRNA can bind within the ribosome which produces proteins/polypeptide chains.

Importance of mRNA

1. As mRNA is formed in nucleaus,it acts as a blueprint of DNA template and enclosed information for protein in the form of triplet base pair.

Specific mRNA plays important role as it contains information for specific protein that can be translated in cytoplasm with the help of ribosome and tRNA.

Some time mRNA plays a poly histrionic i.e it single mRNA contains information for more than one proteins.

4. Sickle cell disease is a group of disorders that affects hemoglobin the molecule in red blood cells that delivers oxygen to cells throughout the body. People with this disorder have atypical hemoglobin molecules call hemoglobin S which can distort red blood cell into sickle or present shape.

The HBB gene codes for hemoglobin a protein in red blood cells . A mutation in HBB result in a change in one of the bases in the DNA sequence from A to T. This change leads to change in amino acids. In the hemoglobin protein from glutamic acid to valine.

Sickle cell hemoglobin differs from normal hemoglobin by a single amino acid valine replaces glutamate at position 6 on the surface of the beta chain.