Answer) The reasons why cancer, in general, is still prevalent among humans, despite the extremely small probability of developing cancer from a spontaneous mutation.
a) An increased risk of developing cancer can run in families. For example, colon and endometrial cancers are included in hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer or Lynch syndrome, which can run in families.
c) Cancer is a complex disease that affects many tissues, and many of the mechanisms that cause these cancers are still unknown.
d)Environmental factors, such as exposure to high levels of radiation, which causes deleterious mutations and rampant cell growth, contribute to an increased risk of mutation above the background error rate.
Reason: While, all the other points are correct, point b is not correct because there are certain ways to treat and even cure has been found for some type of cancer, including those caused by HER2, and current treatments, such as radiation or chemotherapy, are actually effective.
Consider a spontaneous mutation in the gene HER2, a tumor suppressor involved in cell cycle control...
Cancer and Gene Regulation Why is a cell cycle control system needed for cell division? What happens when cells do NOT respond to the cell cycle control system and divide excessively? Tumor Proto-oncogeno (for protein that stimulates coll division) 6 Y DNA Benign Tumor= Mutation withln a control region of DNA Malignant Tumor Mutated promoter Metastasis Normal growth-stimulating protein in excess Oncogene Tumor-Suppressor Genes Proto-oncogene utled tara gese Samor-auppresr gane Many proto-oncogenes code for growth factors /Deletive nonimenig Normel grewt...
please help me with this genetics question! thank you!
TS =Tumor Suppressor genes
O = Oncogenes
5A. (12pts) Cancer is a genetic disease. Some of the causative mutations are Tumor Suppressor genes, and others convert proto-oncogenes into Oncogenes. In the list of properties below, mark an X in the column for TS, O, or both. TS O both Causes of inherited elevated cancer risk. Leads to uncontrolled cell growth. Typically, spontaneous, gain-of-function mutations. Can cause increased DNA damage. Dominant in...
a. To cause cancer, proto-oncogenes require considered mally, tumor suppressor genes inhibit the cell cycle. How do mutated tumor suppressor Ben cell cycle? allele(s) to be mutated and therefore are - The mutation results in a of function. nor suppressor genes affect the a. To cause cancer, tumor suppressor genes require allele(s) to be mutated and therefore are considered - The mutation results in a _ _ of function.
Given that TP53 is a recessive gene and is not located on the X chromosome, why would people who inherit just one mutant copy of a recessive tumor-suppressor gene be at higher risk of developing cancer than those without the recessive gene? Given that is a recessive gene and is not located on the X chromosome, why would people who inherit just one mutant copy of a recessive tumor-suppressor gene be at higher risk of developing cancer than those without...
A cell that is heterozygous for a nonsense mutation in a tumor suppressor gene would most likely: A) Group of answer choices B) grow but not divide C) have a normal cell cycle D) arrest and induce apoptosis E) have a slightly increased cell cycle and increased cell growth F) grow and divide uncontrollably Which of the following correctly describes an event that occurs during transcription: Group of answer choices A) A DNA molecule is chemically modified to become a...
Both proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes help control the cell cycle. Genes called encode for cyclins that promote the cell cycle, while encode for cyclins that stop the cell cycle. Mutations within these genes cause cells to continue replication without regulation and form Both proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes help control the cell cycle. Genes called encode for cyclins that promote the cell cycle, while encode for cyclins that stop the cell cycle.
BRCAll is a tumor suppressor gene located on chromosome pair 13. Inherited mutations in BRCAII can predispose an individual to breast cancer. If Scarlet carries an inherited mutation for BRCAII and her husband Scott does not, what is the probability that their son inherited the mutated allele? O 0% o 25% O 50% O 75% O 100% Question 2 1 pts A plasmid SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. is a small circular piece of DNA independent of the chromosome is a...
Write the letter of the correct answer on the first page. Control of entry into the cell cycle is essential. Unicellular eukaryotes that enter into it too soonyw have the necessary energy to complete it, leading to their demise, whereas in multicellular eukaryotes usually leads to cycle are controlled by proteins, problems with the genes that code for these proteins are a commorn source of error. These genes fall into two broad groups: 33 uncontrolled cellular division 32 Since the...
M8Q1: Quiz Question 1 "By definition, a gene that can lead to tumorigenesis when over-expressed is_______." Group of answer choices: a. A tumor suppressor gene b. An oncogene c. A transgene d. A virus Question 2 A tumor suppressor gene is typically____________ Group of answer choices: a. "A gain of function, dominant mutation" b. "A gain of function, recessive mutation" c. "A loss of function, dominant mutation" d. "A loss of function, recessive mutation" Question 3 Cyclins regulate______________. Group of...
1 What is an imprinted gene? Select one: a. A gene that is found on a Barr body b. A gene that is silenced upon inheritance from a designated parent c. A gene that is inherited from only one parent d. A gene that is encoded on only one of the two copies of a chromosome Question 2 Which of the following is NOT a typical characteristic of cancer? Select one: a. Malignant cancers are typically not able to metastasize...