Question

31. After the recent forest fires in California germinating from a seed bank that was succession through: fomia, grasses and other small plants are already was not destroyed by fire. In this case we should expect a facilitation, because of the widesp b. alteration of the soil, which would c. tolerance, since early species are gre d. inhibition, since all species are good compete e. primary succession d. inbitance, since soil, which widespread destruction of ecause of the widespread destruction of trees ities il, which would r e tirely new communities les are grasses and herbs while later species are trees e good competitors but their lifespans differ greatly lewer species at equilibrium than large islands because small island 32. Small islands support fewer spec have a. less colonization. b. greater emigration c. less isolation d. greater extinction. e. lower rates of evolution 33. Compared to a single large patch of forest, several small forest patches of equal size provide a. more forest area. b. less for forest species due to edge effects. c. a greater diversity of forest species due to greater movement. d. a greater diversity of forest species due to greater heterogeneity. e. more source populations. 34. Local abundance of large species is important in conservation biology because: a. large-bodied species tend to have lower abundance, increasing their extinction risk. b. their density is particularly easy to estimate using quadrats. c. their local abundance predicts their geographic range. d. their local abundance predicts the range of habitats they can use. e. c and d. 35. The single best predictor of species diversity at the global scale is: a. the area occupied by types of habitats or biomes. b. how harsh particular environments are. c. the balance between colonization and extinction d. moisture availability. e. disturbance rates.

Answer 1

31) c) tolerance since early species are grasses and herbs while later species are trees

The ability of the grasses and small plants to growth from the existing seed back that was not destroyed is due to the tolerance of these seed banks that were not destroyed. These seed banks lead to production of small plants and grasses and they survived the forest fires due to their tolerance against the fire. Hence the ecological succession of the plants that took place even after the destruction is due to ability of early species like grasses and herbs to tolerate complete damage under forest fire and enable later even the growth of trees.

Ans 32) Greater extinction’

The small isolated islands generally have greater rate of extinction and large island have lower rate of extinction and hence is the prime reason the smaller island support fewer species. The reason why smaller island have high extinction rate is due to their increase immigration to large places where they are easily able to adapt and also is exposed to more abundance of resources.

Ans 33) less for forest species due to edge effects

The smaller patch of forests causes habitat fragmentation and hence due to the creation of small and isolated patches, it tends to change the habitat properly. Due to the loss of habitat it leads to reduction in forest species caused by edge effect. The edge effect is caused due to change in many environmental factors which includes light, temperature etc. The edge effect is basically change in population which takes place at boundary of two different habitats.