Question

QUESTION 14 The valve between the right atrium and right ventricle is the mitral valve semilunar valve O tricuspid valve O pulmonary valve O aortic valve QUESTION 15 A cardiac cycle consists of one ventricular heartbeat O includes a systole O equals stroke volume times heart rate includes a diastole O includes a systole and a diastole QUESTION 16 Baroreceptors O stimulate renin release O activate the rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone pathway O stimulate sympathetic nerves O are stimulated by increased blood pressure O send messages to cardiac centers that increase blood pressure Click Save and Submit to save and submit Clio

Answer 1

Question 14

ans:Tricuspid valve

Atria and Ventricles are connected on the right side by Tricuspid valve and left side by Mitral valve (Bicuspid valve). Remember number 32 ,3 or Tricuspid on the right and 2 or Bicuspid on left.

These valves prevent the back flow of blood from ventricles to Atria during ventricular contraction. Ensure no blood blood flow back to atria when the pressure inside ventricles increases. They also open and close passively according to the pressure difference.

other options: Pulmonary valve and Aortic valves are types of semi lunar valve. Pulmonary valve locates at the orifice of Right ventricle and Pulmonary artery. Aortic valve located at orifice of Left ventricle to Aorta.

Question 15

ans: Includes systole and diastole

During diastole the heart muscle relaxes. Blood continuously get filled into the chambers of the heart but there is no pumping ( no contraction).After diastole follows a period of vigorous contraction and pumping of blood this phase is called systole.

Question 16

ans: Are stimulated by increase blood pressure

Baroceptors are situated on the walls of blood vessels to detect the changes in the blood pressure. Aorta and caroti sinus contain important baroceptors, they continuously sense the blood pressure. An increase or decrease of blood pressure have harmful effects, increase blood pressure may cause rupture of the walls of the vessels and decrease in blood pressure cause inadequate blood supply to the peripheral organs .If there is a decrease in the blood pressure they signals the medulla to increase the sympathetic function and likewise if there is a increase in blood pressure the parasympathetic system is activated.

Question:12

ans: helps in the transport of cholesterol

Lipoproteins helps in the transport of fat molecules like cholesterol,phospholipids. Unlike other molecules cholesterol is insoluble in blood so require special method of transportation. High density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) and Very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) are present according to their density . LDL transfers the cholesterol from the liver where it is synthesized to the tissues, whereas the HDL transport the unwanted cholesterol back to the liver it is further excreted out.

Question :13

ans: a and b only

Arterioles are small diameter blood vessels which receives blood from the arteries and passes into the capillaries for systemic circulation, the flow of blood is unidirectional that is they never passes blood back into arteries again instead blood passes from the capillaries into venuoles then veins and back to the heart. They are primary site where vascular resistance is felt. The greatest change in the blood pressure occurs during the exchange of blood from arterioles to the capillaries.

Question 10

ans: a and c are same options

In blood clotting many factors are involved. Some factors are present in inactive form in the body in order to avoid unwanted clot formation. Blood clotting involves a series of activities and different factors known as clotting factors. During the pathway Prothrombin is converted into Thrombin (active) . This thrombin activates the fibrinogen into fibrin which is the initial clot latter this initial clot is stabilized and complet clot formation occurs.

Question 11

ans: production of hemocyanin

Major functions include transport of nutrients and oxygen

transport of hormones and other factors into specific sites

removal of metabolic wastes.

maintain ph and fluid balance.

hemocyanin is produced in digestive glands.

Question 10

ans :red blood cells

Haemoglobin is the pigment used for carrying oxygen, haemoglobin is present in the Red blood cells. Haemoglobin takes up oxygen from the lungs and carry it into the tissues all over the body also carry back the carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs.

Question 9

ans: peripheral resistance

pripheral resistance is the resistance of arteries to the flow of the blood. As arteries construct resistance increase.

Question 6

ans: platelets

platelets or thrombocytes are the blood cells which helps in the clot formation.

Question7

ans:a right atrium- right ventricle-Pulmonary artery

Blood flow from all venuoles -veins- superior and inferior vena cava-right artery - right ventricle-Pulmonary artery- to the lungs - from the lungs-pulmonary vein- left atrium-left ventricle-aorta-arteries - capillaries and to the venuoles  

Question 6

ans :

nor epinephrine also called nor adrenaline. This belong to catecholamine family also called flight and fright hormones. Increase the heart rate increase glucose release increase breathing rate. Related by sympathetic nerve

Question 5

ans d

Refer question 7 for explanation