Homework Answers
During fasting a general switch from fatty acid combustion to ketone incineration is seen. Skeletal muscle oxidizes ketone bodies which is synthesized in liver from fatty acid derived from adipose tissue. As the fasting continues the muscle then switches to oxidizing fatty acids which rise the ketone bodies so that brain uses them as the energy source.
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Which of the following statements about the metabolism of skeletal muscle in the fasting situation is...
Beginning by drawing boxes that represent the following tissues: brain, liver, adipose, heart, and skeletal muscle....
Beginning by drawing boxes that represent the following tissues: brain, liver, adipose, heart, and skeletal muscle. With the paper in a landscape orientation, place the liver in the center, the brain the upper left, adipose upper right, skeletal muscle lower left, and heart lower right. You will need to use contrasting colors of ink for this assignment (black and red, black and blue, blue and red, or green and red are recommended). One color will represent fed state and the...
A. Which one of the following statements concerning adaptive mechanisms affecting muscle metabolism is correct? a)...
A. Which one of the following statements concerning adaptive mechanisms affecting muscle metabolism is correct? a) Contractile activity decreases the concentration of PGC-1 ααsignaling molecules, such as AMP, reactive nitrogen species, and reactive oxygen species. b) PGC-1 αα interacts with transcription factors to play a key role in regulating the expression of genes that influence muscle fiber type, mitochondrial biogenesis, and capacity for fatty acid oxidation. c) AMPK serves to inhibit energy producing pathways in skeletal and cardiac muscle during...
Which of the following statements best describes the difference between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism? Check all...
Which of the following statements best describes the difference between aerobic and anaerobic metabolism? Check all that apply. - Anaerobic metabolism produces more ATP than aerobic metabolism. - Anaerobic metabolism produces less ATP than aerobic metabolism. - Only aerobic metabolism can occur in the absence of oxygen. - Anaerobic metabolism does not produce lactate while aerobic metabolism does. - Both anaerobic and aerobic metabolism run through glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. - Only anaerobic metabolism can occur...
26. Why did Jessie’s carnitine deficiency cause her to have abnormally low plasma glucose levels at the end of a fasting...
26. Why did Jessie’s carnitine deficiency cause her to have abnormally low plasma glucose levels at the end of a fasting study, when compared to a healthy person who has fasted for the same length of time? In the absence of carnitine, the liver stores large amounts of glycogen; absorption of glucose to create these stores depletes blood glucose Carnitine acts as a hormone and stimulates glucose release from the liver; lack of carnitine results in loss of hepatic glucose...
Which of the following statements about skeletal muscle contraction is false? During muscle contraction, the Z...
Which of the following statements about skeletal muscle contraction is false? During muscle contraction, the Z discs move closer together as the myosin heads move toward the plus ends of the actin filaments. The changes in voltage across the plasma membrane that occur when a muscle cell receives a signal from the nervous system causes Ca2+ to flow into the sarcoplasmic reticulum, triggering a muscle contraction. An action potential in the muscle cell plasma membrane leads to voltage-gated calcium channels...
1. What is happening in a healthy individual about an hour into a glucose tolerance test? (Note: At this early time-poin...
1. What is happening in a healthy individual about an hour into a glucose tolerance test? (Note: At this early time-point, blood glucose levels are still high. Also, remember that a person who is taking a glucose tolerance test was fasting for 12 hours prior to the test!) (Select ALL that apply!) Hint: Review pages 319-325, 462-467 and 489-491 of Tymoczko 3E before attempting this question. A. Glucose is being exported by the liver B. Glucose is being taken up...
15. During high intensity exercises, which substrate is metabolized anaerobically? a. Glucose b. Triglycerides c. Protein...
15. During high intensity exercises, which substrate is metabolized anaerobically? a. Glucose b. Triglycerides c. Protein 16. The production of glycogen from glucose is called: a. Glycogenesis b. Glycogenolysis c. Gluconeogenesis 17. Which metabolic pathway produces most ATP? a. The oxidation of one molecule of glucose b. The anaerobic metabolism of one molecule of glucose c. The oxidation of a Triglyceride with each fatty acid contain 24 carbons 18. The pumping of protons by the electron transport chain a. Produces...
the liver by HDL 17. Ir you have been on a J-day hunger fast to protest...
the liver by HDL 17. Ir you have been on a J-day hunger fast to protest the lack of gen control laws in this country.you a. synthesize glycogen in muscles and in the liver b. convert excess glucose into triglyeerides and release the triglyceride as Vi c, transport ehylomicrons to liver and muscle cells d, increase the amount of ketone bodies in your blood e. have lower insulin levles, whieh would inhibit glaconeogenesis 18. An injection of a large amount...
Which of the following metabolic changes will occur in a typical human after a meal balanced...
Which of the following metabolic changes will occur in a typical human after a meal balanced in carbohydrates, protein, and fat is consumed? (Select ALL that apply!) Liver glycogen synthesis increases Muscle glycogenolysis (glycogen breakdown) increases Liver gluconeogenesis decreases Insulin levels in the blood decrease Ketone body production in the liver is increased ..... Which of the following metabolic changes will occur in a typical human during 12 hours of fasting? (Select ALL that apply.) Liver glycogen synthesis decreases Liver...
28. Which one of the following statements is true? a) The brain b) Muscle cannot use...
28. Which one of the following statements is true? a) The brain b) Muscle cannot use fatty acids as an energy source. c) The brain exports ketone bodies as fuels for other tissues d) Fatty acids cannot be used as an energy source in humans e) as an energy source, but can use ketone bodies enzymes of the Glyoxylate cycle Heart muscle stores fuel as glycogen. 29. An intermediate found in gluconeogenesis and not in glycolysoxaloacetate a) 2-phosphoglycerate b) phosphoenolpyruvate...
Beginning by drawing boxes that represent the following tissues: brain, liver, adipose, heart, and skeletal muscle. With the paper in a landscape orientation, place the liver in the center, the brain the upper left, adipose upper right, skeletal muscle lower left, and heart lower right. You will need to use contrasting colors of ink for this assignment (black and red, black and blue, blue and red, or green and red are recommended). One color will represent fed state and the...
Which of the following statements about skeletal muscle contraction is false? During muscle contraction, the Z discs move closer together as the myosin heads move toward the plus ends of the actin filaments. The changes in voltage across the plasma membrane that occur when a muscle cell receives a signal from the nervous system causes Ca2+ to flow into the sarcoplasmic reticulum, triggering a muscle contraction. An action potential in the muscle cell plasma membrane leads to voltage-gated calcium channels...
15. During high intensity exercises, which substrate is metabolized anaerobically? a. Glucose b. Triglycerides c. Protein 16. The production of glycogen from glucose is called: a. Glycogenesis b. Glycogenolysis c. Gluconeogenesis 17. Which metabolic pathway produces most ATP? a. The oxidation of one molecule of glucose b. The anaerobic metabolism of one molecule of glucose c. The oxidation of a Triglyceride with each fatty acid contain 24 carbons 18. The pumping of protons by the electron transport chain a. Produces...
the liver by HDL 17. Ir you have been on a J-day hunger fast to protest the lack of gen control laws in this country.you a. synthesize glycogen in muscles and in the liver b. convert excess glucose into triglyeerides and release the triglyceride as Vi c, transport ehylomicrons to liver and muscle cells d, increase the amount of ketone bodies in your blood e. have lower insulin levles, whieh would inhibit glaconeogenesis 18. An injection of a large amount...
28. Which one of the following statements is true? a) The brain b) Muscle cannot use fatty acids as an energy source. c) The brain exports ketone bodies as fuels for other tissues d) Fatty acids cannot be used as an energy source in humans e) as an energy source, but can use ketone bodies enzymes of the Glyoxylate cycle Heart muscle stores fuel as glycogen. 29. An intermediate found in gluconeogenesis and not in glycolysoxaloacetate a) 2-phosphoglycerate b) phosphoenolpyruvate...
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