Question

18) What is the function of DNA gyrase and Topoisomerases? (6 points) 19) List and describe the 5 unique types of point mutations ? (10 points) 20) List, and clearly describe, the molecules that play a role in the initiation, elongation, and termination of DNA replication, RNA transcription, and protein translation? (50 points) 21) When an error occurs in DNA replication, how does the cell know which nucleotide on which strand should be corrected? (10 points) 22) During conjugation, the bacterial chromosome is usually not exchanged. Describe a situation where the bacterial chromosome could be exchanged between microbes? (10 points) 23) List and fully describe how microbes display antibiotic resistance and how these mechanism originate from the genome? (15 points)

Answer 1

(1① functions DNA gyrase It is the enzyme which helps in catalyzing ATP-dependent negative supercoiring or double stranded & DNA hence helps in reducing the topological strain. - Thug it removes the negative and torms catenanes. supencoils 1 Topoisomerases These are the class or enzymes which alten the supencoiling or the DNA which is double stranded ,ie they helps in over winding on unden. winding the DNA. - They breaks to relax the supencolled DNA I remove caten anes and helps in chromosome segregation. policy accondirg to updated I only answered the question asked Chegg birst by you.