Question

4.) Among the following six statements given below which two best account for the results obtained by the researchers who produced Figure 1? 1. Low glucose conditions caused mutations that made individual E. coli cells better suited to these conditions 2. Daughter cells acquired the ability to tolerate low-glucose conditions as they received enzymes and membrane components that had been modified by their mother cell. 3. The initial E. coli population may have included some cells whose genes favored their survival in low alu conditions -OR- such genetic variants arose by pure chance early in the experiment. 4. The first few generations of E. coli in low glucose conditions responded to the challenge by iner se conditions responded to the challenge by increasing the use while decreasing the use of others and this behavior was recorded in their gene of enzymes and ion pumps, while decreasing the use of others and this behavi sequences, which were later transmitted to the daughter cells. 5. From generation to generation, there was an increase in the proportion of the eyn to the low glucose conditions, because such bacteria produced relatively more offer under low glucose conditions. 6. During each generation, individual cells evolved to increase their sm A) 3&5 B)1&5 C) 2 & 4 D) 1&6 ncrease in the proportion of the experimental populations adapted produced relatively more offspring than did ancestral bacteria dual cells evolved to increase their survival in low glucose conditions tion of groundwater with nitrates. Nitrate pollution is the ocean. Which of the following might help reduce nitrate 5.) Use of synthetic fertilizers often leads to the contamination of ground also a suspected cause of anoxic "dead zones" in the ocean. Whir pollution? A) growing improved crop plants that have nitrogen-fixing enzymes B) adding nitrifying bacteria to the soil C) adding denitrifying bacteria to the soil D) using ammonia instead of nitrate as a fertilizer at least two kinds of bacteria attached to its outer surface. One the termite gut. A second kind of bacteria synthesizes ATP rovided by the spirochetes introduces the ATP- Care) applicable to the relationship between these two 6.) The termite protist, Mixotricha paradoxa, has at least two type is a spirochete that propels its host through the te of which is used by the spurochetes. The locomotion provide generating bacteria to new food sources. Which types of bacteria? 1. mutualism 2. parasitism 3. symbiosis 4. commensalism A) I only B) 1 & 2 C) 2 & 4 D) 1& 3

Answer 1

4. The basis of any kind of selection be it natural selection or artificial selection by humans is "variation present in the population". In the population of E.coli some were able to survive in low glucose conditions and produced more offsprings than the others. Answer - A.

5. Growing Improved crop plants that have nitrogen-fixing enzymes can fix the nitrogen directly from the atmosphere without introducing anything into the soil which will solve the problem of contamination of ground water. Answer - A.

6. This type of interaction can be mutualism and symbiosis between these two kinds of bacteria because they both are required for one another to work properly but it can not be parasitism and commensalism.