Question

or the following anatomical structures, which is homologous to the bones in the wing of a bird? Albones in the hind Iimb of a kangaroo C) bony rays in the tail fin of a tlving fish B) chitinous struts in the wing of a batterfly D) bones in the fipper of a whale 25 Which of the following evidence most strongly supports the oommon origin of all life on Earth? All organisms A) require energy B) use essentially the same geetic code Ci reproduce D) show beritable varation 26 Pscudogenes are Cunrelated genes that code for the same gene product A) composed of RNA rather than DNA B) the same things as introns D) nonfunctional vestigial genes 27 What must be true of any organ descrbed as watigial B)It must be homologous to some feature in an ancestor Ch must be both homologous and analogous to some feature in an ancestor D)t need be neither homologous nor analogous to some feature in an ancestor A) lt must be analogous to some feature in an ancestor 28 Jams, sellses preserves, honey, and other foods with high sugar content hardly ever become contaminated by bacteria, even when the food oontainers are left open at room temperature This is because bacteria that encounter such an environinei A) undergo dcath as a resalt of water loss from the cell B) are unable to metabolize the glucose or fructose, and thus starve lo death C)are obligate anacrobes D) are unable to through these thick and viscous materials. 29 Which of the following observations about lagella is accurate and is consistent with the scientific conclusion that the flagella from eukarvotes and bacteria evolved independently? A) The flagella of both eukarvotes and bacteria are made of the same protein, but the configuration is different. 8) The mechanies of movement and protein structure are the same in these flagella but there are significant genctic difterences C) Although the mechanism of movement in both flagella is the same, the protein that accomplishes the movement is different D) The protein structure and the mechanism of movement in eukarvotes lagella are diffferent from those of bacteria flagella. 30 If a bacterum regenerates from an endospore that did not possess any of the plasmids that were contaimed n its original parent cell, the regenerated hacterium will probably also lack A) antibiotic-resistant genes D) water in its cytoplasm B) a cell wall C) a chromosome 31 Termites cat wood, but many do not produce enzvmes themselves that will digest the cellulose in the wood. Instead, some termites house a complex community of protozoa, bacteria, and archaca that could help digest the cellulose Imagine an expeniment that fed termites either wood only or wood and antibiotics, and then measured the amount of energy extracted from the wood. If bot groups gained equal amounts of energy, which of the conclusions is the most logical? A) We would conclude that the protozoa contributed to digestion of cellulose and lignin B) We would conclude that the archaca contnbuted to digestion of cellulose and lignin C) We would conclude that the bacteria did not contribute to digestion of cellulose and lignin. D) We would conclude that none of the three groups were needed to digest cellulose and lignin 32 In a hypothetical situation, the genes for sex pilus construction and for tetraccline resistance are Jocated on the same plasmid within a particular bacterium. If this bacterium readily performs conjugation involving a copy of this plasmid, then the result shou A) temporary possession by this bacterium of a completely diploid genome the B) rapid spread of tetracycline resistance to other bacteria in that habitat C) subsequernt loss of tetracycline resistance from this bacterium D) production of endospores among the bacterium's prog- A) horizontal gene transfer D) binary fission 33 Which of the following is least associated with the others? C) transformation B) conjugation 34. Use of synthetic fertilizers often leads to the contamination of groundwater with nitrates. Nitrate pollution is also a suspected of anoxic "dead zones" in the ocean Which of the following might help reduce nitrate pollution? A) growing improved crop plants that have nitrogen-fixing enzymes C) adding denitrifying bacteria to the soil B) adding nitrifying bacteria to the soil D) using ammonia instead of nitrate as a fertilizer 35. Biologists sometimes divide living organisms into two groups: autotrophs and heterotrophs. These two groups differ in A) their sources of carbon B) their electron acceptors D) the way that they generate C) their mode of inheritance 36. If plaque A) multiple species of bacteria, production of chemicals that attract other bacteria, and production of chemicals that allow the to adhere to ename on teeth is actually a biofilm, which of the following characteristics would you expect to find in plaque? B) single species of bacteria, production of antibiotics, and mechanisms in the biofilm that allow inner cells to expel wastes C) multiple species of bacteria, production of antibiotics, and mechanisms in the biofilm that allow inner cells to expel waste

Answer 1

24. Homologous organs are organs that share a similar anatomical and morphological structure, but have different functions. Example of these organs include forelimb of a various vertebrates such as birds, humans, frogs, flippers of whale. All these forelimbs have similar bone structures but they perform different functions in different organisms (as flippers of a whale helps in swimming whereas wings of a bird takes part in flying)

hence option D) is correct as other options are not similar in structure to the bones in wing of a bird.