Question

43) Which of the following choices correctly pairs a mineral with one of its major functions in the body? A) iron, component of the nucleic acid backbone B) calcium, used in amino acid metabolism O phosphorus, maintaining water balance D) sodium, maintaining water balance in cells 44) Essential fatty acids, which are required in the human diet, are A) those fatty acids that humans are unable to synthesize. B) the fatty acids that humans can synthesize from simpler molecules. stored in the gallbladder. D) the fatty acids used in the construction of the phospholipids of cell membranes. 45) 45) Which of the following statements regarding metabolism is false? A) Humans store some extra energy in the form of glycogen reserves in the pancreas and spleen. B) The basal metabolic rate is the amount of energy an animal needs just to stay alive; it does not include the energy needed for activities. Cells usually use carbohydrates and fats as fuel sources D) The average basal metabolic rate is 1,300-1,500 kcal per day for females and 1,600-1,800 kcal per uay rur males. 46) Reabsorption of water is a major function of the A) appenaix. b) esopnagus. C) rectum D) coion. 47) Which of the following statements regarding animal digestive systems is false? A) We expect that an herbivore will have a longer alimentary canal than a carnivore of similar body size. B) Meat is more difficult to digest than vegetable matter because of its protein content. When cows chew their cud, it helps to soften and break down plant fibers, making these more accessible to digestion by microbes. D) Many herbivorous animals have cellulose-digesting microbes in their colon and cecum. 48) 48) Most herbivorous animals do not have the ability to digest the cellulose in plants. What mechanism has evolved in the absence of this ability that allows them to survive despite eating only plant matter? A) converting cellulose to other carbohydrates in the animal's own cells B) avoidance of plants containing cellulose digestion by symbiotic microorganisms Dy production of saliva containing amylase 49) Bile produced in the liver is stored in the A) pancreas B) stomach _before entering the duodenum. 1) large intestine D) gandiagaer 50) 50) Lack of exercise and activity can be one of several reasons a person might become constipated, or be unable to have regular bowel movements. Which of the four stages of food processing is directly affected in this situation? A) digestion B) absorption C) elimination D) ingestion 51) 51) Which of the following contributes to the the digestion of lipids? A) bile salts B) amylase C) trypsin - D) pepsin