Question

1. Which of the following is/are required for natural selection to occur?
A. The trait must be used or it will no longer be passed down
B. Trait must be inherited from the father, not mother
C. The species could produce more offspring than their environment can support
D. Members of the population must have inherited traits that could vary
E. Members must have an equal ability to survive and reproduce

2. Which of the following statements is/are true?
A. Homologous structures might look and function similarly. This is probably due to a common ancestor with a similar trait.
B. Some homologous structures have similar morphology (shape, appearance)
C. Some homologous structures have the same function.
D. Homologous structures in descendants could be found in a common ancestor
E. Analogous structures are never due to common ancestry.

4. Which of the following statements is/are true?
A. All homologous structures have the same function
B. All homologous structures have similar morphology (shape, appearance)
C. Homologous structures in descendants could be found in a common ancestor
D. Analogous structures are similar due to common ancestry
E. Homologous structures might look and function similarity but this is not necessarily due to shared ancestral characteristics

5. You really like little spiders. You always wanted a purple spider. You breed a pair of spiders and get a few purple spiders. You then selectively breed the purple offspring to get more purple spiders. Purple spiders can reproduce but they do not survive as long or have as many spiders as the normal (wild - type, WT) spiders.
This is;
A. an example of artificial selection
B. not an example of artificial selection
C. can not be determined based on the information given
D. an example of natural selection

Answer 1

1) Natural selection-  

The survival of an organism by adaptation in an environmental condition is evolution by natural selection. For natural selection following conditions are required-

A) inherited trait is required to pass down for survival of new species

C) more offsprings are produce so that they can compete and survive in limited environment condition ensuring survival of fittest.

D) variation is part of evolution for better adaptation

E) they should have ability to survive and reproduce

2) Homologous structure- organs which have same fundamental pattern but perform different functions are homologous structure. These organisms have common ancestors.

Analogousstructure- structures in organisms that have same function but are quite different in origin and in structural design are analogous structure. They do not have common ancestors.

So, D and E are correct

4) So from above answer we know B and C are correct

5) artificial selection- is a process by which breeding is done between two breeds of animal or plant to develop a particular characteristics.

so, answer is A