Question

i need help answering these 3 questions

• • Explain factors associated with the development of obesity. Describe why and how behavior modification fits into a weight-loss program. Discuss why physical activity is a key to weight loss and especially important for later weight maintenance Discuss characteristic of a sound weight-loss program.

Answer 1

Answers:

1) A number of factors can play a role in weight gain. These include diet, lack of exercise, factors in a person’s environment, and genetics. Some of these factors are discussed briefly below.

Food and Activity

People gain weight when they eat more calories than they burn through activity. This imbalance is the greatest contributor to weight gain.

Environment

The world around us influences our ability to maintain a healthy weight. For example:

• Not having area parks, sidewalks, and affordable gyms make it hard for people to be physically active.
• Oversized food portions increase Americans’ calorie intake, making even more physical activity necessary to maintain a healthy weight.
• Some people don’t have access to supermarkets that sell affordable healthy foods, such as fresh fruits and vegetables.
• Food advertising encourages people to buy unhealthy foods, such as high-fat snacks and sugary drinks.

Genetics

Research shows that genetics plays a role in obesity. Genes can directly cause obesity in such disorders as Prader-Willi syndrome. Genes also may contribute to a person’s susceptibility to weight gain. Scientists believe that genes may increase a person’s likelihood of becoming obese but that outside factors, such as an abundant food supply or little physical activity, also may be required for a person to put on excess weight.

2) Behavior modification aims at reducing caloric intake, increasing physical activity, and expanding your nutrition knowledge and food choices indefinitely. Behavior modification means changing one or more of your behavioral patterns. This may mean choosing an egg white omelet with fresh fruit instead of bacon, eggs and buttered toast for breakfast. Behavior modification also includes executing environmental control, which may be to completely avoid a "trigger food" which you cannot stop eating, such as potato chips, nuts or ice cream. Learning the caloric value of various foods, planning eating strategies for vacations or during stressful periods in your life, etc. will contribute significantly to your weight loss and maintenance. Successful behavior modification requires time and patience and is a critical component of long-term success.

Regular physical activity is important for good health, and it’s especially important if you’re trying to lose weight or to maintain a healthy weight.

• When losing weight, more physical activity increases the number of calories your body uses for energy or “burns off.” The burning of calories through physical activity, combined with reducing the number of calories you eat, creates a “calorie deficit” that results in weight loss.
• Most weight loss occurs because of decreased caloric intake. However, evidence shows the only way to maintain weight loss is to be engaged in regular physical activity.
• Most importantly, physical activity reduces risks of cardiovascular disease and diabetes beyond that produced by weight reduction alone

Physical activity also helps to–

• Maintain weight.
• Reduce high blood pressure.
• Reduce risk for type 2 diabetes, heart attack, stroke, and several forms of cancer.
• Reduce arthritis pain and associated disability.
• Reduce the risk of osteoporosis and falls.
• Reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety.

3)

Expert:

It should encourage you to check with your physician or health care provider before starting.

It should be offered by professionals: a registered dietitian, an exercise specialist or a qualified expert in behavior change.

It will not misrepresent salespeople as counselors.

Personalized:

It should help you evaluate if you are ready to make the long-term changes that are necessary to sustain permanent weight loss.

It should help you choose foods and activities that fit your lifestyle.

Long-Term:

It should be one that you can live with for the rest of your life.

It should include maintenance suggestions and support.

Realistic:

It should encourage you to set reasonable and achievable goals that are consistent with good health and wellness.

It should recommend a rate of weight loss of no more than 1-2 pounds per week.

Well-rounded:

It should focus on a healthy, well-balanced diet that does not exclude one or more of the food groups.

Comprehensive:

It should stress a three-pronged approach: healthy eating, physical activity, and behavior modification.