Question

All of the following steps require an energy input. Which one uses ATP? The formation of a ternary complex of initiator tRNA, small ribosomal subunit and a mRNA Aminoacylation, or, the attachment of an amino acid to a tRNA Elongation factors that a) ensure the accuracy of the codon/anticodon interaction and b) power translocation of the small subunit on the mRNA Termination factors that promote the dissociation of the ribosome and the release of the protein from the last tRNA

Answer 1

Answer :- "Aminoacylation or the attachment of an amino acid to a tRNA.

Explanation :- Aminoacylation is a initial step of translation process which consists of two steps namely..... 1. Activation of Amino acid.

2. Attachment of activated amino acid with tRNA.

1. Activation of Amino acid :- Amino acids , the building blocks of proteins , are present in the cytoplasm. They are activated before they are transported by tRNA. The acids are activated by ATP with the help of the enzyme aminoacyl synthetase. Aminoacyl synthetase is specific in activating each amino acid. The activated amino acid is called aminoacyl adenylate.

2. Attachment of activated amino acid with tRNA :- In this step the activated amino acid is attached to the acceptor arm of tRNA. The loading of an activated amino acid to the tRNA is called Aminoacylation of tRNA. This reaction is catalysed by an enzyme called aminoacyl tRNA synthetase. The product formed is called aminoacyl tRNA complex.

So, ATP is used in the Aminoacylation process than the other options.

+ Amino acid ATP o amino acyl synthetasę, Activated . amino acid i aminoacyl tRNA synthe fase ✓ + Activated amino acid ARNA Amino acyle URNA complex