Question

Why the occurrence of mutations is essential to the evolutionary process? Make sure you briefly explain the relation to protein synthesis and the harmful, neutral or beneficial consequences of mutations.

Answer 1

Mutation means either a slight change or a big change in DNA. DNA directs our charecter, ability to survive. When there is a change in a DNA the properties has also to be changed. This change can lead us to survive in a newer environment ,can resistant us to certain diseases that may be fatal before mutation. Thus it help us to evolved a new charecter in us which is known as evolution.

way the occurrence sh. mutations is essential to the evolutionary processes ? make sure you briefly explain the relation to protein synthesis is the harmful, neutral or beneficial consequences of mutations) Ans. mutation is every important to the survivas of a species. If a species supress the motation at should be a little more adventageous them the other where motation has been taken place. Then by natural selection the latter one will be survived in new environment. mutation is chan described as the changed of DNA port code froom to a new DNA Code. and evolution mean changes of genetic composition which passed to the next generation so that is is clear if there is no changed in DNA Icode or no motation there will be no evolution. For example, a The neek of Giraffe. previously it assumed that the neen of nifaffe is not so long an today. But as days pan- the availability to ground food decreased. so The Crusaffe I had to take food from frees I tried to store & by natmas mutation Criflraffe gor his long neek Another Classical example is the tais of. Homo speciens. In our ansestor the teil! was present. But in us it has des absen med . There has ouso a motation tanto tanen place

in our DNA that dis afpean the tais.. protein sy soothesis & mutation :- As mutation occors in DNA, so there is a possibilive that it can also alter the sequence of the ORNA a which is essential for protein synthesis. For example Haemoglobin is a protein which carries the oxygen molelull. But due to point- mutation in the po globin Chain of. haemoglobin, no more healthy haemoglobin produced. The haemogloble produced are called the sickle cell & the diease it creates caled sicure cell anemia. This is an example of distaduanges of mutation in evolutionary procees. advantages : There are organism to advantages of motation. It helps adapt with the environment. for example 1. gene mutation can make our body evolved to profect against cancer diabetis. daetose towerence in body is also for a gene mutation. 3. Due to incufation People in Africa ane generary resistant against masaria. It this helps them to survive in that condition. 4. Due to mutation in 2PR gene, the bone get more stronges & Denser

put any effen detri dengerous Inufrou consequences As it name suggest, it doest which one either beneficial or to a Ponticular organism. O Silene point mutation occurs in a pane area of DNA. But It doesn't change the sequence of amino acid. s o that it can be concluded that moration is meessary for evolution motation occurs in DNA, which can change the mRNA 8 affeets the protein Synthesis in either harmful or beneficial way 8 mave me organism to survive when the environment condition has been completely changed