Question

Need help with the second question

Monocytes move from the systemic circulatory system into general connective tissues, where they differentiate into what phagocytic cell type?

lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system have evolved to recognize an extraordinary variety of antigens from bacteria viruses and disease causing agents

name the antigen recognition molecules of b cells

Answer 1

Answer-

According to the given question-

lymphocytes- Lymphocytes are also called White blood cells and are different types with each White blood cells have unique ans specific function for specific types of antigens such as bacteria , viruses and other antigens that are capable of causing disease.

adaptive immune system - It is also called acquired immune system composed of several process with specilized cells to counter the pathogens and to eliminate them from the body and also to inhibit their growth.

Antigen recognition molecules of B- cells- are classified as a type of white blood cell and also called B lymphocytes responsible for humoral immunity and secretes antibody during the adaptive immune system. They developed from lymphoid progenator cells and matured in bone marrow and secretes several typws of cytokines and also divided as antigen-presenting cells or APC. B cells have several receptors on their membrane and called  B cell receptors for binding with the specific types of antigens.

B cell have specific antibody on them ans also have b- cell receptor. T- cell receptor have antigen which it has obtained from the macrophages .T- cell with antigen represented this to B cell receptor . so the CD-4 cells of T helper cells present the antigen to the B cells through the B cell receptors and undergo proliferation as well as differentiation into plasma cells and memory cells . plasma cell secretes antibodies for that specific antigens. so these antibody overcome with the antigens with several ways such as either they neutrilizes themselves or they first bind with the antigen and after that they bind with the receprots of specific phagocytes e.g. macrophage and assist in opsonization. or antobody binds with the antigens and activate the complement system.

B lymphocyte receptors have two functions such as specific antigen recognition as well as signal transduction.

antigen recognition molecules of B cells are called immunoglobulins, or Ig such as IgM, IgA, IgD, IgG, or IgE,  and heterodimer Igα /Ig-β or also called CD79 molecule helps in signal transduction.

immunoglobulins have two domains or region one is variable region for antigen recognition and other is constant region have conserved region.