Question

Muscles located on the more anterior sides of the body usually cause _____________ while muscles on the posterior sides of the body usually cause ____________. Similarly, muscles located laterally to the joint they move usually cause ____________ while muscles located medially to the joints they move usually cause _____________.

Answer 1

1.Flexion

Flexion is a bending movement around a joint in a limb (as the knee or elbow) that decreases the angle between the bones of the limb at the joint.Anterior group of muscles are responsible for this movement,For example

Flexion of forearm are caused By anterior Group of muscles Called flexor compartment muscles- The superficial muscles in the anterior compartment are the flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus, flexor carpi radialis and pronator teres.

2.Extension

Extension is an unbending movement around a joint in a limb (as the knee or elbow) that increases the angle between the bones of the limb at the joint

Extension of forearm are caused By Posterior Group of muscles Called Extensor compartment muscles-

The posterior compartment of the forearm (Extensor compartment of forearm) contains the following muscles:

• Brachioradialis.
• Superficial. extensor carpi radialis longus. extensor carpi radialis brevis. ...
• Intermediate. extensor digitorum. extensor digiti minimi.
• Deep. abductor pollicis longus. extensor pollicis brevis.

3.Abduction

The movement of a limb away from the midline of the body.

Muscles on the lateral side of the body cause Abduction.For example The lateral rectus muscle is a muscle on the lateral side of the eyeball in the orbit The lateral rectus muscle is responsible for lateral movement of the eyeball, specifically abduction.

4.Adduction

, movements of limbs and other body parts toward the center line of the body are termed adduction

Adduction is caused by muscles on the medial side of the body.For example-

Muscles in the Medial Compartment of the Thigh. The muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh are collectively known as the hip adductors. There are five muscles in this group; gracilis, obturator externus, adductor brevis, adductor longus and adductor magnus.