Question

the important characteristics and objectives of ABO forward grouping

Answer 1

ABO forward grouping is the determination of the blood group in the form of blood groups A, B and O respectively based on the antigen present on the RBCs.

• Blood group A: In this case, the RBCs contain the antigen A on their surfaces and thus allow the antibody A to react on the surface of the RBCs. But one more indication can also be that the antibody B is generated in the plasma of these patients who has blood group A. It can be denoted genotypically as AA or AO
• Blood group B: In this case, the RBCs contain the antigen B on their surfaces and thus allow the antibody B to react on the surface of the RBCs. But one more indication can also be that the antibody A is generated in the plasma of these patients who has blood group B. It can be denoted genotypically as BB or BO
• Blood group AB: It contains both the antigens A and B on the surface and but no antibodies in the plasma. It can be denoted genotypically as A/B
• Blood group O: It doesn't have any antigen on this surface but, contains antibody A as well as B in the plasma of the patient. It is represented genotypically as oo

In the ABO forward grouping, this blood grouping can be found out by providing the large mixture of anti-A and anti-B antibodies to the blood sample and then it has been checked for the agglutination for the determination of blood group type.

Importance:

It is important to find out the blood group type for every patient as in case of the blood donation the person can only donate the blood to the same blood group type. While for the exception of this is that the O type blood group can donate the blood to any of the blood group type as they do not have any antigen present on the surface and thus not lead to any foreign particle reaction inside the patients body or cause any rejection.

Group A Group B Group AB Group o Red blood cell type Red blood AB Antibodies in Antibodies in plasma de se so Anti-B Anti-A None Anti-A and Anti-B Antigens in red blood cell a A antigen B antigen A & B antigens None