13. Suggest some stimuli that might cause a cell to release a ligand and begin communication...

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13. Suggest some stimuli that might cause a cell to release a ligand and begin communication be- tween cells.

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Answer 1

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Stimulus is anything which leads to binding of ligand to receptor and initiation of cascade of reactions or cell signalling pathways.

Examples of stimulus,

Voltage : change in membrane potential, like in neurons and myocytes

Ions : release of ions like calcium ions in myocytes

Chemicals : release of molecules like hormones, growth factors etc

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Answer 2

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13. Suggest some stimuli that might cause a cell to release a ligand and begin communication...

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