Question

Compare and contrast graded potentials and action potentials, with particular attention to their locations in the neuron and the ions and ion channels involved in each. Label a voltage-versus-time diagram of an action potential with the ions involved in each phase, the direction of their movement across the membrane, and the terms depolarize, repolarize, and hyperpolarize. Describe the physiological process involved in the conduction (propagation) 2 of an actic potential, including the types and locations of the ion channels involved. Describe the importance of voltage-gated channels in the conduction (propagation) of a action potential. Explain how axon diameter and myelination affect conduction velocity. Explain the role of myelin in saltatory conduction. Compare action potential conduction (propagation) in an unmyelinated versus a myelinated axon. 3

Answer 1

The first four subpart are done according to the Chegg policy.

Ans 1.

Ans ) Graded Potential Action Potential. » Location on Neuron, Axon. Dendrite, cell body (Cyton), Sensoly receptor 27 Ton Nat & Kt Nat, ct ork 3) Chammel Voltage gated ion channel Ligomd gated & mechanically, gated in channel, Ansa) Action potential, 1404 Depolarisation eithreshold) 55 Repolarisation, Voltage (mr) Refractory period. -70 Resting state 2 4 3 Time cms) 5 Nation kt in inside the cell (Depolarize) outaside the cell ( Repolarize) Depolarisation >> Rebolorisation 3) Refractory period - Nation are pumpout while ktions are pumped in.

membrane potential (-60 to 70 mV), the intra negatively chouge selalue to the owside, © Depolarisaten: opening of Voltage galed een chamel (Nat) And3 ① At resting space is opens & sodium in flow inside the cell & making intracell space positive. Hyperfolarisation & opening of kt & ce- len channel. kt flow out of the cell while at ion flow inside the cell. Finally, the Mat & kt lom are restored in their place &. restoring the color potential. resting Arous Voltage gated ion channel, It is a transmembranous protein that are actuated electric membrane potential, They are con specific le specific chempels are identified tof conduction of Nat, Cat2, kt & ce con. the opening & closing of the ion channels are triggered. clue to the concentration of the ions, Nat channel - Nations mouls inward: tin celluled potential -70 to +4omvi kt channel kt ions move outward: I in cell pótential, action potential is restored, move unward I in alll potential by 4 o ce- ions I channel.