what is the developmental function of the TGF-B family member BMP4 in the early gastrula? Since,...
what is the developmental function of the TGF-B family member BMP4 in the early gastrula?
Since, BMP4 is initially present throughout the embryo, how are its effects restricted to particular regions of: Ectoderm, and dorsal mesoderm?
Homework Answers
Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP)4:
It is a highly conserved protein and belongs to transforming growth factor beta super family of proteins. It is involved in bone and cartilage formation. BMP4 plays an important role in the onset of endochondral bone formation. It is also reported to be involved in muscle development, uretic bud development and bone mineralization. BMP4 promotes differentiation of overlying ectodermal tissue. BMP4 shows zygotic expression. It is expressed throughout the late blastula stage and involved in mesoderm ventralization.
Expression of Noggin inhibits BMP signaling in the organizer region. This is essential for the neural induction.
Even though BMP is expressed throughout, it exhibits a signaling gradient. This signaling gradient provides positional information for dorso-ventral patterning of the mesoderm. Low BMP levels specify dorsal tissues while high BMP levels specify ventral tissues.
Head is formed where BMP, Wnt and Nodal signaling are low.
Tail is formed where BMP, Wnt and Nodal signaling are high.
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what is the developmental function of the TGF-B family member
BMP4 in the early gastrula?
Since,...
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