Question

Part A Complete the sentences to explain why long-chain fatty acids cannot pass the mitochondrial membrane via diffusion, and the mechanism by which the cells transport them. Match the words in the left column to the appropriate blanks in the sentences on the right. View Available Hint(s) Reset Help translocase polar acyl-CoA synthetase Long-chain fatty acids have an alkyl chain of more than 10 carbon atoms. Fatty acids with alkyl chains of this length are characterized as in terms of polarity and in terms of size. This length decreases their ability to cross the lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial membrane. As a result, such fatty acids are activated in the cytoplasm by . However, the resulting molecule, fatty acyl-CoA, is still too to cross the membrane. Therefore, a protein system involving carnitine is required for this transport to occur. nonpolar large mitochondrial matrix This system consists of enzymes (located in the outer mitochondrial membrane) and outer mitochondrial membrane (located in the inner mitochondrial membrane), which are responsible for the conjugation of the fatty acyl-CoA with carnitine and the delivery of the resulting molecule into the CPTI CPT II The purpose of such a mechanism is that the carnitine molecule is in size compared to inner mitochondrial membrane coenzyme A and is also which gives it the ability to pass the lipid bilayer. When a fatty small acyl group is transferred to carnitine, the conjugate molecule passes into the intermembrane space via the pores in the outer mitochondrial membrane and the inner membrane is crossed with the help of

Answer 1

-Long-chain Fatty aids have an alkyl chain of more than 10 carebon atoms. Fatty acids with alkyl chains of this longth are characterised as Imonpolare in terms of polarity and large in terms of size. The's étratrizas length decreases their ability to cross the lipid bilayer of mitochondreia? membreane. As a result such fatty acids are activated in Cytoplasm by acyl-CoA synlhatase 1 Howervere, the resulting moleculez, fatty alyl-cot is still too I Lovege to cross the cross the membrane This system consists of enzymes [EPTI ( located in the outere mitochondrial membreane) and (OPTII (located in the innere mitochondrial . membreane) which are responsible fore the conjugation of the fatty meyl -20% with easenetine and the delivery .Of the resulting molecule into the a I mitochondrial matrix

The purpose of such a mechanism is that the carenetine molecule is small in sine compared to coenzyme. A. and also (polare which gives the ability to pass the lipid bilayer, when a fatty acyl group istransferred to carnetime, the i molecule passes ento the interemembrane space via the pories in the outer mitochondrial membrane and the innere membrane is crossed with the help of treansto case)

Thank you.

Thumbs up if satisfied.