Question

a.   Explain the open systems theory of organizations. Why is it foundational to understanding organizations and the management of organizations?

b.   Identify the essential functions of management and explain how each of these functions works together to achieve the objectives of the organization.

Answer 1

a- Open systems theory state the concept that organizations are like open system which are strongly influenced by their environment. The environment consists of exert various forces of an economic, political, or social nature etc who influence the business operations happening inside.

It is foundations to understanding organizations and management of organizations because these external forces are not in control of business organization. they can be opportunities for business to grow or they can be threats which can affect management of organization.

for example- Government of US lowers taxes on manufacturing then it is very essential for organization to grab this opportunity because now companies will be able to import low tax supplies at low price.

on the contrary if government raise minimum wages then it can pose threat that organization have to pay high wages and increase business cost.

in this way, organizations have to manage business accordingly by considering external forces.

b-The essential functions of management. Planning, organizing, staffing, controlling and leading.

these functions are very important and work together to achieve objectives of the organization. Planning involves mapping out exactly how to achieve a particular goal. Say, for example, that the organization's goal is to improve company sales. The manager first needs to decide which steps are necessary to accomplish that goal. These steps may include increasing advertising, inventory, and sales staff. These necessary steps are developed into a plan. When the plan is in place, the manager can follow it to accomplish the goal of improving company sales.

Then organizing comes After a plan is in place, a manager needs to organize her team and materials according to her plan. Assigning work and granting authority are two important elements of organizing.

staffing helps organization to have the right kind of talent on the right place on the right time. It includes recruitment, selection, training like function so that organization have meet its goals with high performing staff.

A manager needs to do more than just plan, organize, and staff her team to achieve a goal. he must also lead. Leading involves motivating, communicating, guiding, and encouraging. It requires the manager to coach, assist, and problem solve with employees.

Controlling is the function in which manager control all activities and make sure goals are achieved according to plan or not. He needs to continuously check results against goals and take any corrective actions necessary to make sure that his area's plans remain on track.

By HomeworkLib policy, we are allowed to answer only one question per post with 4 subparts of same question not different ones still i tried to answer all for your help. Thank you..