9. Alu elements are transposable elements found ubiquitously in the human genome. Its is a juming gene which contains site of Alu restriction endonuclease from its origin in Arthrobactus luteus. These are reptitive elements of about 300bp length and many copies of it is present in the genome as they are self replicating
10. They are used to study population genetics in humans because the sequence is conserved and individuals have different number of these elements dispersed throughout the genome, hey also bring diversity to the human genome. Therefore, Alu insertion brings polymorphism in the humn genome and two individuals can be distinguished based on number and position of Alu elements. So they are called SINE - Short interspersed elements. They are useful for not only human evolution but also primate evolution.
11. 2 samples of DNA differ by 300bp or their mutliples depending on the difference in the number of Alu sequences in the genome. Alu is of length = 300bp. So DNA-PCR products will also show this difference while performing ALU- sequence based PCR. here Alu sequence is the primer used in the PCR.
12. Gel electrophoresis seperates DNA bsed on the Size of a DNA molecule. The shorter the length, the easier it is to move in the gel matrix and longer DNA face more hindrance so this leads to seperation of DNA based on size. DNA fragments are negatively charged, so they move towards the positive electrode and all DNA fragments have the same amount of negative charge per mass, so they seperate on the basis of size.
13. Not enough information provided in the question regarding the genotypes.
Gel Electrophoresis of Amplified PCR Samples 9. What is Alu? 10. Why is Alu useful for...
can someone explain throughly on how to find a-c??? thanks!!! The following question will provide practice in interpreting and analyzing gel results. 5. You obtained the DNA electrophoresis gel below. Three samples of lambda phage DNA were digested with 3 different restriction enzymes and the digested DNA was applied to the gel in lane 4 and the bands were visualized. The Hind Ill digest was used as a molecular weight standard marker and produced 6 DNA fragments of known size:...
Assume that you have used PCR and electrophoresis to assay an Alu element polymorphism at the D1 locus on chromosome 17 in four Asian populations. When the Alu element is not present (-), the DNA fragment is 200 base pairs (bp). When the Alu element is present (+), the DNA fragment is 500 bp. Compute the heterozygosity (H) for each population. Don’t forget to take into account the sample size of each population! Please show your work, and remember, ....
After PCR is performed the products are run out on an agarose gel. In the figure below, grey bands represent the wells the PCR product was loaded into. The white bands represent DNA fragments produced by PCR. The target fragment amplified by the primers was 1,500 bp in size. The ladder is a standard DNA ladder containing bands of various sizes between 5,000 and 1,000 bp. The negative control contained only molecular grade water*. The positive control contained DNA known...
1. Explain the difference between an intron and an exon. 2. Why do the two possible PCR products differ in size by 300 base pairs? 3. Explain how agarose electrophoresis separates DNA fragments. Why does a smaller DNA fragment move faster than a larger one? 4. What kind of controls are run in this experiment? Why are they important? Could others be used?
Biologists use gel electrophoresis to sort DNA segments by size. DNA segments are placed at one end of a gel. DNA is negatively charged (with a charge of two electrons per base pair). When you “run the gel” you are generating an electric field by connecting anodes and cathodes at the ends of the gel. This causes the negatively charged DNA segments to move towards the positive electrode. After running the gel, smaller DNA segments have moved farther from the...
Question 4-12 points Biologists use gel electrophoresis to sont DNA segments by size. DNA segments are placed at one end of a gel. DNA is negatively chargod (with a charge of two electrons per base pair). When you "run the gel" you are generating an electric field by connecting anodes and cathodes at the ends of the gel This causes the negatively charged DNA segments to move towards the positive electrode. After nunning the gel, smaller DNA segments have moved...
Hi I have a problem with number 5, it involves gel analysis results. There are 2 parts, a,b,c. For A Im sure you need to make a graph with distance in (cm) on the vertical axis and log10 bp on the horitzontal. I need help figuring out where to start and what to do. Please help! The following question will provide practice in interpreting and analyzing gel results You obtained the DNA electrophoresis gel below. Three samples of lambda phage...
DNA Electrophoresis: a) The DNA reaches terminal velocity quickly during electrophoresis and stays in that state. Solve for the terminal velocity for the viscous and drag force case. b) Which of these terminal velocities depend on the size of the DNA molecule? How does the terminal velocity change with molecule size? ( does terminal velocity go up or down as the size gets bigger?) c) Based on your calculations is the resistive force on a DNA molecule during electrophoresis best...
Hi can someone help me understand part C and why the drawn in red lines are where they are. Basically from the bp given how can I go back to cm so I can drawn them into the picture provided? Do not need help with A or B. The following question will provide practice in interpreting and analyzing gel results You obtained the DNA electrophoresis gel below. Three samples of lambda phage DNA were digested with 3 different restriction enzymes...
pls answer 1 3 and 5 You prepared a 0.8% gel for this experiment, what effect would pouring a higher percentage (1-2%) gel have on the migration of the DNA through the gel? 1、 2. Describe the blood disease sickle cell anemia and how it affects its sufferers ntechens and daayd gaaih If the ß chain of human hemoglobin is 146 amino acids in length, calculate the minimum number of nucleotide base pairs needed to code for B-globin. How many...