Question

Draw the following monosaccharides in the chain form (not ring form): Write the chemical formula for both glucose and fructose: What molecular similarities, in structure, are there between the glucose and fructose molecules? What are the differences? What are these two molecules called in relation to one another? , Draw the formation of a-glucose and a P-glucose starting from the chain form using your book (page 73) as a guide, (use chemical symbols) alpha-glucose beta-glucose In equation format, draw formation of an a-1,4 glycosidic bond, (use chemical symbols) In equation format, draw formation of an beta -1,4 glycosidic bond, (use chemical symbols)

Answer 1

Answer 10: The Strucure of glucose and fructose is given below:

HO-C-H H-C-OH Glucose Fructose

Answer 11:

Answer 12: Fructose and glucose both are mono-saccharides, i.e. they are considered as single sugars or are the monomers of complex sugars. Both can be directly absorbed into the blood by disgestion in stomach. they both have same molecular formula.

Answer 13: Although glucose and fructose, share the same molecular formula they have many basic differences. Their open chain form is entirely different from one another. Glucose is a aldose sugar (having aldehyde group) where as fructose is a ketose sugar (haveing ketone group) in main chain. Also, during cyclization glucose forms a 6 membered hemiacetal ring known as glucopyranose, and fructose gives rise to a five membered hemiketal known as fructofuranose.

Answer 14: They are called isomers of each other.

Answer 15:

CH2OH CH α form он н CH2OH но-с-н он CH2OH он н O OH но CH2OH OH Glucose (a polyhydroxy aldehyde) HO OH Fischer projection Haworth projection

Answer 16:

CH,OH CH20H CH2OH CH2OH condensation C1 C4 + H2o OH OH OH OH OH OH OH OH OH OH 1-4 α-glycosidic bond OH OH OH OH glucose glucose maltose water

Answer 17:

CH2OH CH20H CH20H CH2OH condensation H20 OH OH hydrolyse B-D-galactose α-D-glucose