Question

8. The following molecules form during the stages of glycolysis: 1. pyruvate 2. NADH 3. Fructose-1,6 biphosphate glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) 5. phosphoenol-pyruvate (PEP) In which order do they form? a. 3,2,5,4,1 b. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 c. 5,4,3,2,1 d. 3, 4,2,5,1 9. What is true of the organic molecules that can be used in aerobic cellular respiration? Lipids and proteins can be used, but carbohydrates must be in the form of monosaccharides. b. Carbohydrates and lipids can be used, but not protein. c. Only carbohydrates can be used. d. Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids can all be used, but enter the cycles at different places. 10. Which chemical equation represents alcoholic fermentation? 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy → CH20, +6 0, b. CH2O +2C3H4O c. CsH2O, 2 CH OH + 2 CO, C,H,O, +60, 600, +6 H,O+ATP 11. What is the result of light energy absorbed by photosystem I? It energizes an electron that transfers to ferredoxin, which causes protons to leave the lumen. b. It loses electrons that are replaced by water. It energizes an electron that transfers to ferredoxin, which then forms NADPH. d. It energizes an electron that transfers to ferredoxin, which causes protons to enter the lumen. 12. How is the production of ATP in the chloroplast by the transfer of electrons and protons, but without the formation of NADPH or oxygen described? cyclic electron transportel l b. non-cyclic electron transport c. light independent reactions d. light dependent reactions an 14. What is required to convert Ribulose bisphosphate to 3-phosphoglycerate (PGA)? the addition of G3P and carbon dioxide b. the addition of oxygen and glucose c. the addition of oxygen and G3P d the addition of carbon dioxide and water 15. In photosynthesis, where does the oxygen that is released come from? an intermediate of the Calvin cycle carbon dioxide c. chlorophyll water

Answer 1

8. During glycolosis, the following steps occur -

• Hexokinase breaks down glucose to glucose-6-phosphate
• Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase converts glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate
• Phosphofructokinase-1 breaks down fructose-6-phosphate to Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
• Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase breaks down Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate to Dihydroxyacetone phosphate and Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
• Triosephosphate isomerase converts Dihydroxyacetone phosphate to Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate
• Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase converts the two molecules of Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate into two molecules of 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate
• Phosphoglycerate kinase breaks down 2x 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate to 2x 3-Phosphoglycerate
• Phosphoglycerate mutase converts 2x 3-Phosphoglycerate into 2x 2-Phosphoglycerate
• Phosphopyruvate hydratase (Enolase) converts 2x 2-Phosphoglycerate into 2x Phosphoenolpyruvate
• Pyruvate kinase converts 2x Phosphoenolpyruvate into 2x Pyruvate

Hence, the answer is -

d. 34251

9. Proteins, fats and carbohydrates can all be used as a fuel source in aerobic cellular respiration. They are catabolised to form acetyl-CoA which enters the citric acid cycle. Complex carbohydrates are first broken down into glucose that enters the process of glycolysis.

So, the answer is -

a. Lipids and proteins can be used, but carbohydrates must be in the form of monosaccharides

10. The chemical equation for alcoholic fermentation is -

C6H12O6 → 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2

So, the answer is c.

11. The light energy absorbed by photosystem I causes the conversion of NADP+ to NADPH2. Hence, the answer is c.