Question

1. kubler-Ross's theory describes the process through which an individual goes through after receiving a terminal diagnosis. please explain kubler-Ross's stages of dying and give an example for each.
2. could kubler-Ross's theory be applied to other processes in life?

Answer 1

Answer:

In 1969, Elisabeth Kübler-Ross described five popular stages of grief, popularly referred to as DABDA. They include:

• Denial
• Anger
• Bargaining
• Depression
• Acceptance

Denial

At first, the patient reacts with denial. This may initially manifest as shock or speechlessness. It is common to believe a mistake in the prognosis has been made due to inaccurate test results, having not attempted the correct treatment, or deficits in knowledge of their provider. Some patients may exist in an alternate reality. They may tell loved ones, who are already aware of their prognosis, “We will go on a vacation as soon as I’m better."

For example, a person whose partner is dying might first deny that the partner is dying, then become angry, and then begin bargaining with the doctor to get different treatment, before returning again to the denial phase.

Anger

The patient moves to the second phase when they are no longer able to deny their imminent death. They become frustrated and angry. They typically direct their aggression toward friends, family, and providers. Example statements include: “how can you let this happen to me,” "this is your fault," and “why is this happening to me?”

Bargaining

The third stage manifests as a patient negotiates to avoid death. It is common for him or her to negotiate with a higher power in their religion, typically asking them to cure the disease or prolong life in exchange for reforming their lifestyle. Examples: “if you cure this lung cancer I’ll never smoke cigarettes again” or “give me one more year, and I will be a better father.” It is not uncommon for an individual who has not actively practiced religion throughout his or her life to become strongly religious. A patient may ask for a spiritual leader, begin praying, or ask others if they believe the patient will be accepted into the afterlife.

Depression

The fourth phase begins as the patient recognizes the inevitability of death. Despair is a common reaction as if they have been defeated as they battled for life in the earlier stages. They typically show symptoms traditionally associated with depression: sadness, fatigue, self-harm, self-pity, or social avoidance. Example, They may refuse visitors and medications or make statements such as, "I'm going to die soon, why does it matter?"

Acceptance

In the last stage of death, emotions become more calm and stable. They may focus on finding joy in what time they have left. They will commonly reflect on joyful memories or tell stories from the past. Spending time with loved ones can create pleasant memories for survivors to reflect on. The patient may begin to prepare for death by planning their funeral or making sure loved ones will be taken care of financially and emotionally after their death.

Example: It's going to be okay."; "I can't fight it; I may as well prepare for it."

2). Could Kubler-Ross's theory be applied to other processes in life?

Answer- Yes it can be applied to Reconstruction and Working Through-
As you become more functional, your mind starts working again, and you will find yourself seeking realistic solutions to problems posed by life without your loved one. You will start to work on practical and financial problems and reconstructing yourself and your life without him or her.