Question

Depth of understanding: describe the physical mechanisms that control the level of infection through the skin. What would be the role of normal biota?

Answer 1

The skin acts as a barrier, a kind of sheath, made of several layers of cells. The skin is a dynamic organ that contains different cells which contains elements of the innate and the adaptive immune system which are activated when the tissue is under attack by invading pathogens. Shortly after infection, the immune adaptive response is induced by dendritic cells(Langerhans cells) present in the epidermis; they are responsible for the capture, processing, and presentation of antigens to T lymphocytes in local tissue. And then T cell become active and remove antigen from the skin layer.

The role of skin microbiota also play important role in prevent infections.some group of bacteria present skin epidermis layer they may stimulate some immuno signalling molecule and activate immune cell previously.For example staphylococcus epidermidis activate CD8 T Cell by IL 17 dependent manner and save the skin from infection.