Question

1. What is the normal pathway from DNA to proteins?

____________ à _____________ à ____________

2. What do each of the arrows represent?
3. Why do we say the genetic code is redundant and specific (not ambiguous)?
4. How do you read the genetic code?
5. Can you read a genetic code? Like what we did in class.
6. What are the three (3) stages of transcription?
7. Why is alternative RNA splicing a really neat process?

Answer 1

The normal pathway from DNA to protein is described according to the central dogma of Molecular Biology. DNA undergoes duplication by the process of DNA replication. Then DNA undergoes transcription to form RNA. The RNA undergoes translation to form proteins. The flow of information is from DNA to RNA and to proteins and the arrows indicate replication transcription and translation.

Genetic code is redundant because some amino acids have more than one codon. It is specific because one codon can code only for one amino acid.

Genetic code is read in a continuous manner. It has no punctuation marks. It is read in groups of three nitrogenous bases. One group is called as codon.

Transcription is the process of formation of RNA using DNA as a template. It uses DNA dependent RNA polymerase enzyme. The first stage of transcription is the formation of initiation Complex, the second stage is the elongation of RNA molecule being synthesized in the last stage is the termination of transcription.

Alternative splicing is a neat process because this process leads to the generation of many different RNA transcription using a single premature messenger RNA. All the different RNA in a transcript can give rise to different proteins. Therefore alternative splicing can give rise to many proteins by using single messenger RNA.

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