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In an SDS-PAGE, what would happen if the separating gel had been prepared with Tris-HCl buffer,...

In an SDS-PAGE, what would happen if the separating gel had been prepared with Tris-HCl buffer, pH 6.8, instead of pH 8.8? Why?

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Answer #1

If we decrease the PH of buffer in which the gel has been prepared, then the concentration of hydroxyl ions in the medium would decrease or the concentration of hydrogen ions would increase. These positively charged hydrogen ions will interact with negatively charged side Chains of amino acid of protein. This will lead to different charge on different protein and therefore the separation of proteins on SDS PAGE gel would be futile.

All the protein have different charges and therefore to maintain a common charge on these proteins, we denature proteins using SDS. SDS is a negatively charged detergent which binds to proteins and impart all the protein a negative charge. Therefore when separated under electrophoresis, all the proteins move towards the positively charged electrode according to their size.

But if pH is changed, then charge on protein will also change and some of the proteins will move towards the positively charged electron and some will move towards the negatively charged electrodes and we won't be able to determine the size of different proteins correctly.

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