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What is the advantage of seeds? What are the advantages of flowers and fruit?

What is the advantage of seeds?
What are the advantages of flowers and fruit?
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Answer #1

Gymnosperms and angiosperms are spermatophytes, ie, seed bearing plants. Angiosperms are anthophytes, ie, flowering plants.

Flowers are the reproductive organs of plants. They enclose the reproductive parts, androecium and gynoecium, and therefore provide protection to these reproductive organs against abiotic (temperature, wind, humidity) and biotic (herbiovores) stresses. Brightly coloured flowers and those producing nectar and any kind of smell ensure pollination and therefore, fertilization and development of seed.

Fruits are the structures which develop post fertilization and enclose the seeds. They protect seed against biotic and abiotic stresses.

Seeds on the other hand are fertilised ovules. They enclose embryo and endosperm. Endosperm is the nutritive tissue for the developing embryo. Also, seeds help embryo to survive long period of environmental stresses and germinate in favourable conditions. Seeds are the structure which ensure continuation of generations.

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