Question

The Vocabulary of Biological Influences on Weight

There are a wide variety of factors that affect an individual’s weight status. In this section, you will review biological influences including genes, metabolic factors, and physiologic factors like the hormones that regulate hunger and satiety. Match the words to the appropriate sentences.

a. Researchers propose these are responsible for 50 to 90% of an individual's BMI.

      [ Choose ]            ghrelin            Fat oxidation            Peptide YY            Metabolic Rate            Leptin            Uncoupling Proteins            Genetic Factors            Hypothalamic Feeding Center      

b. When this is low in an individual, they burn fewer Calories at rest.

      [ Choose ]            ghrelin            Fat oxidation            Peptide YY            Metabolic Rate            Leptin            Uncoupling Proteins            Genetic Factors            Hypothalamic Feeding Center      

c. Stimulated to cause hunger in an individual when blood glucose levels are low.

      [ Choose ]            ghrelin            Fat oxidation            Peptide YY            Metabolic Rate            Leptin            Uncoupling Proteins            Genetic Factors            Hypothalamic Feeding Center      

d. If this is low, an individual will utilize relatively more carbohydrate for energy, thereby more fat will be stored in adipose tissue.

      [ Choose ]            ghrelin            Fat oxidation            Peptide YY            Metabolic Rate            Leptin            Uncoupling Proteins            Genetic Factors            Hypothalamic Feeding Center      

e. protein produced in the gastrointestinal tract that decreases appetite after food intake.

      [ Choose ]            ghrelin            Fat oxidation            Peptide YY            Metabolic Rate            Leptin            Uncoupling Proteins            Genetic Factors            Hypothalamic Feeding Center      

f. Synthesized in the stomach and acts to stimulate appetite.

      [ Choose ]            ghrelin            Fat oxidation            Peptide YY            Metabolic Rate            Leptin            Uncoupling Proteins            Genetic Factors            Hypothalamic Feeding Center      

g. The protein produced by adipose tissue that acts to reduce food intake

      [ Choose ]            ghrelin            Fat oxidation            Peptide YY            Metabolic Rate            Leptin            Uncoupling Proteins            Genetic Factors            Hypothalamic Feeding Center      

h. may disrupt ATP production, resulting in less energy storage.

      [ Choose ]            ghrelin            Fat oxidation            Peptide YY            Metabolic Rate            Leptin            Uncoupling Proteins            Genetic Factors            Hypothalamic Feeding Center      

Answer 1

Our heredity/genetic makeup decides the majority of our basal metabolic index. When the metabolic rate is high, more calories will be burnt and when the metabolic rate is low, fewer calories will be burnt. At rest, metabolic rate will be less and so only fewer calories will be burnt. Hypothalamus controls appetite and food intake through various mechanisms. when blood sugar level is low, hypothalamus feeding center will get activated and stimulate hunger. Ghrelin stimulates appetite whereas Leptin inhibits appetite. Peptide YY will be released due to oral nutrient load decreases appetite. If there is less fat oxidation then more fat will be stored in the cells as adipose. The uncoupling process in the uncoupling proteins reduces the amount of ATP generated through an oxidation of fuels.

With the above explanation, we can find the appropriate answers from the given choices as follows: