Question

Psychrophilic and thermophilic homologues of adenylate kinase from Bacillus globisporus and Bacillus stearothermophilus, respectively, have been structurally characterized using X-ray crystallography methods. Comparison of the available structures reveals a total of 13 and 15 ion pairs present in Bacillus globisporus and Bacillus stearothermophilus, respectively. The number of hydrogen bonds for Bacillus globisporus versus Bacillus stearothermophilus are 229 and 233, respectively. Furthermore, the exposed apolar surface area in Bacillus globisporus verus Bacillus stearothermophilus is 5638 and 5408 Å, respectively. Please briefly discuss how each of these structural observations is consistent with the status of “psychrophile” or “thermophile.” Please use this data to determine which enzyme would require a higher activation energy for proper function (provide specific examples derived from the text above). Please speculate regarding how the observed trends in exposed apolar surface area relate to cold or hot adaptation. For reference, please feel welcome to utilize PDB files 1S3G and 1ZIP.

Answer 1

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