Question

1. What are the differences between an independent versus an interdependent self-construal?

2. Do you think giving is influenced whether we have an independent or interdependent self

construal? Why or why not, and if so, in what ways?

Answer 1

Self-construal refers to the grounds of self-definition, and the extent to which the self is defined independently of others or interdependently with others. Initially, the term derived from perceived cultural differences in the self. Westerners were thought to have an independent self-construal, which is characterized by separateness from others, by attention to one’s abilities, traits, preferences, and wishes, and by the primacy of one’s individual goals over those of in-groups. East Asians were thought to have an interdependent self- construal, which is characterized by a sense of fundamental connectedness with others, by attention to one’s role in in-groups, and by the primacy of group goals over one’s individual goals.

Interdependent self-construal is the extent to which people construe the self as being fundamentally connected to other people. Individuals high in interdependent self-construal focus strongly on their relationships with others and are concerned with the ways in which they can benefit their social group. They are likely to define their self-concept in terms of their close relationships, social roles, and group memberships.

Independent self-construal, in contrast, is the extent to which people view the self as being separate and distinct from others and the social world. Those high in independent self-construal represent the self primarily in terms of internal attributes, traits, and attitudes that do not depend on their relationships with others, and help to highlight their uniqueness from others.

There are differences between the way different cultures perceive, comprehend, and interpret the world around them. It is important to know some of the differences and to be sensitive and understanding of other cultures and individuals. Following is a table describing some of the differences between independent and interdependent self-construal.

Construal of Self	Independent	Interdependent
Normative Task	Maintain the individual as a separate, self-contained individual	Adjust oneself so as to fit in and maintain the interdependence among individuals
Socialization	“Be Unique” “Express yourself” “Realize and actualize your inner self” “Strive for you goals”	“Adjust to the attendant relationship or group to which they belong” “Read other’s minds” “Be sympathetic” “Occupy and play one’s assigned role”
Sense of Worth/Self Esteem	Focus on internal attributes (ability, intelligence, personality, goals, preferences, rights) Verify and confirm through social comparison	Fit in and be part of a relevant ongoing relationship, strive to meet/create duties, obligations, and social responsibilities Self is unbound, flexible, and contingent on context Internal attributes are less salient in thinking, feeling, and acting

Depending upon Values, Emotions, and Social Behavior self-construal may change. If you like my answer,please leave an up-vote.It is highly appreciated. Thanks in advance.