Question

4. Using the MK-Test, evaluate whether positive selection has driven the evolutionary divergence between Chimpanzees and Humans, Please show your work.. Second letter U C A UUU Phe UCU UAU UGU UCC Tyr UUA T UAC UAA Stop UGA UAG Stop UGG UGC Cys UCA Ser UUG FLeu UCG Trp G CUUT CUC CUA CCU CCC CCA. CCG CAU CAC His CAA CAG Gln CGU CGC Leu Pro Arg CGA CGG CUG G AUU 1 AUC lle A AUA ACU ACC ACA ACG AAU AGU AGC JASN Ser AAC AAA Thr AGA Arg AUG Me AAG Lys AGG G GUU GCU GCC GCA Ala GCG U GGU GAU GAC Asp GAA GUC G GUA Val GUG GGC GGA GGG C Gly A Glu GAG Some guidance: When there's variation at a nucleotide position, it only counts as one Ds, Dn, Ps, or Pn across all sequences causing either a Ds, Dn, Ps, or Pn. Note, if you were to analyze true DNA sequences, many codons would not have SNPs, so you would not classify those codons. And some codons would have two mutations, complicating the calculation. We will ignore those complications in this course. Each mutation should be classified as CCA gAa Atg gcC tcC Cgc atC ccG Acc gcG ccA cCA gTa Atg gcC tcC Cgc atC ccG Acc gcG ccA CCA gTa Atg gcC tcC Cgc atC ccG Acc gcG ccA ccA gTa Atg gcC tcC Tgc atC ccG Acc gcG ccT Chimpanzee CCT g Ta Ttg gcG tcC Cgc atG cCA Acc gcG ccA ccT g Ta Ttg gcG tcA Cgc atG cCA Acc gcG ccA CCT gTa Ttg gcG tcC Cgc atG ccA Tcc gcG ccA cCT gTa Ttg gcG tcC Cgc atG ccA Acc gcC ccA Human Third letter UCAOUCA UCAC First letter

Answer 1

Synonymous mutations are the mutations that do not change the amino acid sequence of the protein.

Non synonymous mutations are the mutations that change the amino acid sequence of the protein.

D represents fixed differences in between whereas P represents Polymorphism within

Ds (A) - differences between of synonymous mutations

Dn (C)- differences between of non- synonymous mutations

Ps (B) - differences within of synonymous mutations

Pn (D) - differences within if non synonymous mutations

The problem is in the below image :

CHIMPANTEEC:- eCA gAa At 3cc tcC e CCA at C CC6 Acc Ace tG Acc G atC ceG A CC tcc cCA at C Ta CcA acas ccvo Po CcA tcc Atg GUAZHal auGher a at C ceG tcc T cadan SPro uccasut AUCILE GCG caagr pacae 4UG-He cca 4UMAN- CcA at eA cec 3eGtcACac ats 3a T 3G J'a ry ACC cea tc C 3 atG cCA 6ca AcC EcC atG It ACC-T CG2 POLT 6> ENED BN xc-s GCES A la Sっ StN N NONSTN FOR A POSITNE SELCTION POLTHORPHYIS WITHIN FIXCD BETWEN 7 1+141 て?1+ e 3 (B) o S15 HENCE, IT 1s IN NEGATNE D1RECTION BECAUSE 1t1 SYN e2 CD) 4 (c)