Question

please answer both questions

6. Why is malate converted to pyruvate instead of oxaloacetate in the citrate shuttle? 7. Which molecule determines the fate of fatty-acyl CoA generated in the cytosol? Hint: consider which molecule regulates the enzyme that catalyzes the committed step of B oxidation.

Answer 1

Answer no .6

malate is converted to pyruvate instead of oxaloacetate in citrate shuttle because

the electron of NADH MOLECULE produce in the cytoplasm must be transferred to the inner membrane of the mitochondria for ATP synthesis by ETC system

immediate itself cannot cross the mitochondrial membrane so the one important function of the shuttle is to transfer the reducing equivalent across the membrane

In the presence of malate dehydrogenase oxaloacetate in the cytoplasm is converted to malate oxidize NADH TO NAD+

NAD+ will enter in the mitochondrial membrane for the synthesis of ATP by electron transport chain system

and malate is done converted to pyruvate in the presence of malic enzyme and give one molecule of NADPH

pyruvate will enter in the inner mitochondrial membrane and converted to oxaloacetate and acetyl coenzyme a which food will be combined to form citrate.

ANSWER 7

the fatty acid is converted to acyl CoA the presence of ATP magnesium enzymes such as thiokinase and acyl coenzyme A synthetase

this reaction is divided into two steps

first fatty acid combines with ATP to form acyl adenylate and pyrophosphate

in second sister acyl adenylate combine with coenzyme A to form acyl coenzyme A

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