Prostate cancer is a major cause of cancer-related deaths among men. Epigenetic changes that regulate gene expression are involved in both the initiation and progression of such cancers. Following is a table that lists the number of genes known to be hypermethylated in prostate cancer cells (modified from Long-Cheng, L. et al., 2005. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 97: 103–115). For each category of genes, speculate on the mechanism(s) by which cancer initiation or progression might be influenced by hypermethylation.
DNA Hypermethylation of | Number of Known Genes |
Hormonal response genes | 5 |
Cell-cycle control genes | 2 |
Tumor cell invasion genes | 8 |
DNA damage repair genes | 2 |
Signal transduction genes | 4 |
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