Students’ attitudes toward parents. Researchers at the University of South Alabama compare...

Students’ attitudes toward parents. Researchers at the University of South Alabama compared the attitudes of male college students toward their fathers with their attitudes toward their mothers. (Journal of Genetic Psychology, March 1998.) Each of a sample of 13 males was asked to complete the following statement about each of his parents: My relationship with my father (mother) can best be described as (1) Awful, (2) Poor, (3) Average, (4) Good, or (5) Great. The following data were obtained:

FMATTITUDES

Source: Adapted from Vitulli, W. F., and Richardson, D. K. “College students’ attitudes toward relationships with parents: A five-year comparative analysis.’’ Journal of Generic Psychology, Vol. 159, No. 1. (March 1998), pp. 45-52.

a. Specify the appropriate hypotheses for testing whether male students’ attitudes toward their fathers differ fiom their attitudes toward their mothers, on average.

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b. Conduct the test of part a at α = .05. Interpret the results in the context of the problem.

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c. Use the Wilcoxon signed-rank test at α = .05 to analyze the data.