Microscopes are the scientific tools used to observe and study very small objects that are difficult to be seen by unaided eye.
Light Microscope:
It is most widely used microscope and very common in the school science laboratories. It is easy to handle. It does not require a lot of training to use it. It can be used to study the parts of some dead organisms and also observe some tiny living organisms. It works by focusing light rays on to the object to be observed.
It cannot be used in the absence of electric current. It cannot produce clear images of objects that are smaller than 0.2 micrometers.
Electron Microscope:
Such microscope can produce 1000 times better image than light microscope. It can produce 3-D images of an object to give its detailed picture. They can be used to study the structural properties of the specimen.
They are expensive and not very common. The specimen (object) studied is placed in the vacuum, for the observation. It cannot be used to study the living cells or organisms.