Stress–Strain Behavior (Polymers)
For the nylon polymer whose stress–strain behavior can be observed in the Tensile Tests module of Virtual Materials Science and Engineering (VMSE) (which is found in WileyPLUS), determine the following:
(a) The yield strength
(b) The approximate ductility, in percent elongation How do these values compare with those for the nylon material presented in Table 7.2?
Table 7.2 Room-Temperature Mechanical Properties (in Tension) for Various Materials
| Yield Strength | Tensile Strength | Ductility, %EL[in 50 mm (2 in.)]a | ||
Material | MPa | ksi | MPa | ksi | |
Metal Alloysb | |||||
Molybdenum | 565 | 82 | 655 | 95 | 35 |
Titanium | 450 | 65 | 520 | 75 | 25 |
Steel (1020) | 180 | 26 | 380 | 55 | 25 |
Nickel | 138 | 20 | 480 | 70 | 40 |
Iron | 130 | 19 | 262 | 38 | 45 |
Brass (70 Cu–30 Zn) | 75 | 11 | 300 | 44 | 68 |
Copper | 69 | 10 | 200 | 29 | 45 |
Aluminum | 35 | 5 | 90 | 13 | 40 |
Ceramic Materialsc | |||||
Zirconia (ZrO2)d | — | — | 800–1500 | 115–215 | — |
Silicon nitride (Si3N4) | — | — | 250–1000 | 35–145 | — |
Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) | — | — | 275–700 | 40–100 | — |
Silicon carbide (SiC) | — | — | 100–820 | 15–120 | — |
Glass–ceramic (Pyroceram) | — | — | 247 | 36 | — |
Mullite (3Al2O3–2SiO2) | — | — | 185 | 27 | — |
Spinel (MgAl2O4) | — | — | 110–245 | 16–36 | — |
Fused silica (SiO2) | — | — | 110 | 16 | — |
Magnesium oxide (MgO)e | — | — | 105 | 15 | — |
Soda–lime glass | — | — | 69 | 10 | — |
Polymers | |||||
Nylon 6,6 | 44.8–82.8 | 6.5–12 | 75.9–94.5 | 11.0–13.7 | 15–300 |
Polycarbonate (PC) | 62.1 | 9.0 | 62.8–72.4 | 9.1–10.5 | 110–150 |
Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) | 59.3 | 8.6 | 48.3–72.4 | 7.0–10.5 | 30–300 |
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) | 53.8–73.1 | 7.8–10.6 | 48.3–72.4 | 7.0–10.5 | 2.0–5.5 |
Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) | 40.7–44.8 | 5.9–6.5 | 40.7–51.7 | 5.9–7.5 | 40–80 |
Phenol-formaldehyde | — | — | 34.5–62.1 | 5.0–9.0 | 1.5–2.0 |
Polystyrene (PS) | 25.0–69.0 | 3.63–10.0 | 35.9–51.7 | 5.2–7.5 | 1.2–2.5 |
Polypropylene (PP) | 31.0–37.2 | 4.5–5.4 | 31.0–41.4 | 4.5–6.0 | 100–600 |
Polyethylene—high density (HDPE) | 26.2–33.1 | 3.8–4.8 | 22.1–31.0 | 3.2–4.5 | 10–1200 |
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) | 13.8–15.2 | 2.0–2.2 | 20.7–34.5 | 3.0–5.0 | 200–400 |
Polyethylene—low density (LDPE) | 9.0–14.5 | 1.3–2.1 | 8.3–31.4 | 1.2–4.55 | 100–650 |
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