Question

Interview someone with a history of cardiac issue (i.e. High blood pressure, high cholesterol, CHF, myocardial infarction, etc.).

How long has the client had the issue(s)?

Is there a family history of cardiac issues?

What medications are being taken to address the issue? (List name, dosage, and frequency of medications related to the cardiac condition ONLY).

How is the cardiac condition being managed?

Discuss any education you provided to the client regarding his or her treatment plan. ( 2 key points)

Please provide proper citation with page numbers of the material you are referencing in your homework paper. Homework assignment should be 1-2 pages, not including reference page, double-spaced.

Answer 1

Interview with a person who had Hypertension

Name: Mr.XX

Cardiac issue: Hypertension ( since 3 years)

Hypertension is the disease or disorder of abnormally high Blood pressure. It is also known as high Blood pressure. Blood pressure above 130- 139/ 80- 89 mm of Hg is stage 1 Hypertension whereas in stage 2 blood pressure is above 140/ 90 mm of Hg.

Mr. MM is in stage 2 hypertension.  

Family history: His father was a hypertension patient and died with Heart attack at the age of 67. His maternal grand parents also had cardiac issues.

Medications related to hypertension:

He is under treatment but not taking the medications regularly

1. Atenolol ( 100mg / day) in 2 divided doses

2. Hydrochlorothiazide ( HCTZ) : 12.5 mg / day.

( Atenolol is an Antihypertensive drug also used to reduce chest pain ( angina). Atenolol , beta blockers, helps to relax the blood vessels by preventing the adrenaline from affecting the beta receptors ( adrenaline action: causes increase in BP and heart rate by actvating beta receptors)

Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic, which increases sodium excretion in the kidney. Sodium with extra fluid excreted through kidney ,thus helps to lower the blood pressure. )

How he manage his hypertension?

Mr.MM takes the medications but not regularly, when he feels fatigue or severe head ache he takes the medications. He lowered salt intake in his diet. He goes for jogging thrice in a week.

Patient teaching

* Don't stop or change doses or medication schedule without doctor's advice. ( HTN often has no symptoms. So if symptoms are not present also, a patient under treatment for Hypertension should continue the treatment. )

* Regular exercise can lower the BP, walking or running can be done. In a week 150minutes of moderate exercise and 50- 70 minutes of strenuous exercise should be included.

* DASH diet( Dietary approaches to stop Hypertension) helps in controlling the blood pressure. The diet includes high in fruits and vegetables, low fat and diary products.

* Low sodium diet is important to lower the BP

* Restrict smoking and alcohol, both increases the Blood pressure.

* Do not start any new medications or herbal remedies without Doctor's advice. Drug interactions may there.

* Reduce junk food, fried items or processed food items which contain high amount of sodium and fats.

Reference:

1. Michael J Bloch, Jan Basile. UpToDate. Patient education: High Blood pressure, diet and weight ( beyond the basics).

uptodate.com/contents/high-blood-pressure-diet-weight-beyond-basics

2. Sanjai Sinha.Drugs.com Dec.21.2018. Hydrochlorohhiazide.

drugs.com/ hydrchlorothiazide.html

( Please add Text book reference if you need. Thank you).