Question

Dietary fats come in three types – triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesterol (sterols). But, we MOSTLY eat triglycerides. What are the three major types of triglycerides?

_____________________

_____________________

_____________________

When we discuss UNSATURATED fats, they can have many different number of double bonds. Please answer the following – what type of fat would this be (circle the best answer):

Triglyceride with ONE double bond? Monounsaturated Polyunsaturated Other

Triglyceride with TWO double bonds? Monounsaturated Polyunsaturated Other

Triglyceride with FIVE double bonds? Monounsaturated Polyunsaturated Other

Triglyceride with NO double bonds? Monounsaturated Polyunsaturated Other

Foods don’t just come with ONE type of fat, but rather have a combination of many different TYPES – using the lecture slide that shows all of the major sources that we eat, answer the following:

What is the most abundant fat in coconut oil? ___________________________

What is the most abundant fat in olive oil? ________________________________

What is the most abundant fat in flaxseed oil? ___________________________

What is the most abundant fat in lard (pork fat)? ________________________________

The number of double bonds in a fatty acid dictates the type of shape it will have, AND, whether it will be a liquid or a solid at room temp. Answer the following:

Type of Triglyceride Molecular Structure Consistency at Room Temp

Polyunsaturated Crooked or Straight Solid or Liquid

Saturated Crooked or Straight Solid or Liquid

Monounsaturated Crooked or Straight Solid or Liquid

Trans fat (one double bond) Crooked or Straight Solid or Liquid

Because triglycerides cannot go directly into blood, they have to be shipped. Using the lecture slides, answer the following (circle best choice):

Type of Lipoprotein Location Made "Ship-to" Destination

Chylomicron Small Intestine or Liver Liver or Body

Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Small Intestine or Liver Liver or Body

High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Small Intestine or Liver Liver or Body

What two "chemicals" helps us digest dietary fat in the small intestine?

Pancreatic _______________ (enzyme)

And _______________ by the liver and stored in the gall bladder

When a triglyceride in broken down via the two chemicals in question 6, what components are actually absorbed into the body?

One _________________________ (e.g., couch body)

Two _________________________ (e.g., couch legs)

What is the name of the lipoprotein MADE IN THE SMALL INTESTINE that ships dietary fat out TO THE BODY? _______________________________

When fat is taken into cells, and stored - two enzymes are involved:

What is the enzyme that brings fat INTO a cell ________________________

What is the enzymes that lets breaks down body fat so that it can LEAVE a cell? _______________________

The enzymes that breaks down body is regulated by hormones (please read the class notes):

This hormone actually slows down / shuts down activity of the body fat breaking enzyme: ________________

This hormones TURNS UP the activity of the body fat breaking enzyme: ___________________

- BONUS from lecture notes) What phospholipid molecule do food producers add to peanut butter, salad dressings, sauces, and other fatty and watery foods so that the components won't separate from each other - it can be found in eggs: ____________________

Answer 1

Answer: The three main types of triglycerides are:

1. Saturated Triglycerides
2. Mono unsaturated Triglycerides
3. Poly unsaturated Triglycerides

Answer:

Triglycerides with one double bond is known as mono unsaturated Triglyceride.

Triglycerides with two double bonds is known as poly unsaturated.

Triglycerides having five double bonds is known as poly unsaturated.

Triglycerides with no double bond is a saturated Triglyceride.

Answer 3: The most abundant fat found in the coconut oil is a saturated fat i.e. Lauric acid which increases both the types of cholesterol in our body HDL and LDL.

The most abundant fat in olive oil found is monounsaturated fatty acid.

The most abundant abundant fat found in flax oil is omega 3 fatty acid which is good for our heart and health.

The fat present in the pork is both that is saturated fat as well as unsaturated fat.

Answer: Polyunsaturated Crooked or Straight is liquid at room temperature.

Saturated Crooked or Straight Solid at room temperature as they have high melting point.

The mono unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature due to low melting point.

The trans fat with one double bond remains solid at room temperature due to its high melting point.