Question

Explain the purpose of patient teaching related to the scenario. Describe each learning domain and the ways it is used in patient teaching. Identify the communication phases needed to know what the patient needs are. What pre-planning actions are needed by the nurse to assure the educational needs are met? Develop a teaching plan based on the scenario.

(The scenario: A patient newly diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD) needs to be taught a healthful cardiac diet. What are the components of a cardiac diet? The patient learns best by visual and special parameters.)

Assessment	Nursing diagnosis*	Planning	Implementation	Evaluation
Write an assessment related to the person’s needs	Knowledge deficit related to . . . as evidenced by . . .	Establish learning objectives using behavioral terms. The objectives need to be SMART	Implement the teaching methods.* Cognitive Affective Psychomotor	Determine whether the objectives were met by the measurements from planning

Answer 1

PURPOSE OF PATIENT TEACHING

1.helping the patient achieve good health

2. patient teaching , help the patient to understand his/her condition

3. to correct the default behaviour related to health

4. to minimize the health risk

5. to prepare patient for self management

6. to impart knowledge to the patient

7. to clear doubt of the patient.

LEARNING DOMAIN IN PATIENT EDUCATION

· Affective (feeling) and uses in nursing education – attitude, values , belief , responding and adequate adjustment. For example – a nurse taught patient about sodium restriction in diet due to high blood pressure , how patient respond or belief is affective domain , and its totally depend what kind of communication you have with your patient.

· Psychomotor (physical) and uses in nursing education – physical skills , when a new information and gaining new skills through physical movement. For example – a care provider taught about wound Care now he/she performing wound care on the patient.

· Cognitive (thinking) and uses in nursing education - knowledge and understanding the facts, concepts and principle. Patient is remember and recall the information. Example- patient is taught about roughage diet for constipation and some questions were asked related to teaching to know the understanding of teaching.

COMMUNICATION PHASES

· Preintroductory phase- this phase begins when the nurse is assigned a patient to develop therapeutic relationship with him till she goes to him for interaction

· Introductory phase – this phase begin when nurse goes to the patient , introduces herself and gets introduction about him , task of this phase is to establishment of contact , development of an agreement Working phase and talking with patient

· Working phase – during this phase nurse and patient work on the goal which was set during the introduction phase

· Working phase – during this phase nurse and patient work on the goal which was set during the introduction phase

· Termination phase- it is resolution phase or end phase , it begins from the introductory phase . the objective of termination phase is to bring a therapeutic end to the nurse patient relationship.

DURING INTRODUCTOR PHASE NURSE GET TO KNOW WHAT ARE THE NEEDS OF THE PATIENT AFTER BUILDING THE TRUST AND REPO.

PRE-PLANNIG ACTION TO FULLFILL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS OF A PATIENT

- Provide information in laymen’s language

- Asses the specific topic knowledge require by the patient

- Finding out what patient already knows

- Build a good nurse patient relationship for active listening

- Prepare yourself for doubt clearing sessions

- Make a feedback and scope of improvement system

- Keep in mind about domain of nursing education

- Provide information in the visual form for effective patient education

CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE- Narrowing and blocking of the arteries due to deposition of cholesterol and fatty acid (plaques)

CARDIAC DIET- Component of heart health diet are fruits , vegetables, whole grain , lean poultry , fish and avoidance of the trans- fat , limiting the portion size , low sodium in diet etc      

NOTE- FOR VISUAL UNDESTANDING OF THE PATIENT , MAKE A CHART AND BRING SOME ORIGINAL FOOD FO BETTER UNDERSTANDING

NURSING CARE PLAN

ASSESMENT	NURSING DIAGNOSIS	PLANING	IMPLEMENTATION	EVALAUTION
SUBJECTIVE- patient asking about diet plan OBJECTIVE- patient is eating butter ( which is trans fat) on bread.	Knowledge deficit related to nutritional need during CAD	-Patient will be encourage to ask question related to diet. - help him/ her for Planning diet -to Ask about like and dislike of the patient in food - to encourage the patient to change defaulty habits in diet - to help patient in making daily menues - to explan the diet plan in laymen langauge	-Provide information  about the cardiac diet and its importance (cognitive domain) -encourage for the intake of fruits and vegetable in diet and explain the rationale behind of it - patient was encourage to add his/her healthy food in diet plan (affective domain) -patient was taught about sodium restriction in diet(table salt, canned soups ,ketchups etc). - diet plan was explained in the laymen language. - patient was taught about the difference between trans and saturated fat and how it affect disease condition . - help the client in making daily menu. -teach patient with help of some sample of fruits , veggies and unhealthy diet product for better understanding.	Evaluate the client by asking some question and observing the diet plan of the client. after teaching place a tray food of healthy and unhealthy , ask the patient with food are including in cardiac diet