Question

4. Tell me all that you know, including general characteristics, diseases it may cause, testing, & prevention of HPV (Human Papilloma Virus)

Answer 1

ANSWER :

HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) is a small known enveloped tumor DNA virus with circular double standerd viral genome, approximately 8 kilo bases lengthViral genome is enclosed by a spherical capsed icosahedral symmetry and diameter of about 55 nanometer.They infect squamous epithelia of skin and mucosa.This genome encodes six early protiens for virus replication and two late protiens which are viral structural protiens.Tere are more than 100 varieties of HPV.

HPV infection occur when virus enter the body by skin to skin contact through abration or tear in skin.

Genetal HPV infection occuring through sexual intercourse an d anal sex.

HPV Infection in oral or upper respiratory leision are occur through oral sex, during child birth.  

If a pregnent women having HPV infection with genetal warts, the baby may get infection.

HPV infection leads to different type of warts ( genetal warts, plantar warts, common warts, flat warts).

RISK FACTORS :

• Age :- common warts mostly in children, genetal warts occur mainly in adolescents and young adults.
• Number of sexual partner :- if more sexual partner you have more chance to get genetal HPV infection.
• Immune defiociency state :- Ptient with HIV / AIDS, patient take immono suppressive drugs, damaged skin, personal contact.

DISEASE CAUSED BY HPV:

• benign papillomas or warts( HPV 6 and HPV 11)
• Cervical cancer ( HPV 16 and HPV 18)
• Anal cancer
• Vulvar cancer
• Vaginal cancer
• Penile cancer
• Oro-pharyngeal cancer ( nasopharyngeal carcinoma, voccal cord papilloma,voccal cord cancer)
• known menaloma skin cancer

HPV is a common sexually transmitted virus. And most common sexually transmitted infection in united state.

DIAGNOSIS :

• Clinically by warts
• PAP ( Papanicolaou Test )smear and microscopic examination from cervix

PREVENTION :

• Avoid touching skin warts.
• Avoid sex with multiple sex partner.
• Use condomns.
• Do PAP screaning.
• HPV vaccine can protect against disease caused HPV including cancer, it is approved by FDA.

​​​​​​​The centers for disease control ( CDC ) and prevention says approved girls and boys between age 11 and 12 should get vaccine.It is approved for anyone between 9 and 26 years.Vaccine is given in multiple doses over 6 to 12 months. Children upto 14 years recieved 2 doses.

TREATMENT FOR WARTS:

• Salicylic acid
• Imiquimod acid
• Podofilox
• Trychloro acidic acid

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT :

• Cryotherapy
• Electrocautery
• laser surgery
• Surgical removal