Question

I'm decreasing dramatically calories and sugar from my diet, i have realized i have develop a deficiency/excesses in the following Vitamins and minerals.

• Compare your findings with recommendations for Dietary Guidelines; DRI/RDA- AI for age/gender
• Are there concerns regarding calorie intake; deficiencies or excesses of macro nutrients or micro nutrients – identify all concerns?
• Discuss any risk factors and what strategy you can plan for improvement? (specific changes for food choices)

Minerals

Calcium: __ deficiencies___________________

Iron: ____ excesses __________________

Zinc: _______ deficiencies __________________

Sodium: _______ deficiencies ________

Vitamins

Thiamin:_____ deficiencies ____________________________________________________

Riboflavin: ______ deficiencies _________________________________________________

Niacin: _______ deficiencies ___________________________________________________

Folic Acid: _____ deficiencies __________________________________________________

Vit. C: _________ deficiencies __________________________________________________

Vit. A: ____excesses_______________________________________________________

Vit. E: ________ deficiencies ___________________________________________________

Answer 1

MINERALS

CALCIUM DEFICIENCY

Calcium help in bone and tooth formation.,blood clotting,nerve and muscle contraction,cardiac function.

Deficiency-causes retarded growth ,brittle bones,osteomalacia,excessive bleeding,Trousseau's and chvostek's sign

calcium deficiency can be treated with intake of milk and dairy products,egg,fish,dark green vegetables,legumes

IRON EXCESS

It is called hemochromatosis ,occurs in chronic liver disease,some kinds of anemia,blood transfusions,long term kidney dialysis.Men are significantly more likely to develope it.v enesection is the treatment to remove the iron rich blood from the body

ZINC DEFICIENCY

Zinc is a component of certain digestive enzymes and other proteins.

Deficiency-causes growth failure,scaly skin inflammation,reproductive failure,impaired immunity

Deficiency can be treated by using meats,sea foods,grains.

SODIUM DEFICIENCY

The main functions are acid base balance,water balance,nerve function,sensory signal transmission

Deficiency causes reduces blood pressure,shallow weak respirations,diminished deep tendon reflexes,head ache,confusion,seizure,coma

Deficiency can be treated with intake of table salt,cheese ,butter,ketch up,processed food,canned food,soy sauce,snacks

VITAMINS

THIAMINE DEFICIENCY-(VITAMIN B1)

Thiamine converts carbohydrate in to sugar,beak down fats and proteins,helps in healthy digestion,nervous system functioning,proper functioning of skin,hair,eyes,mouth,liver and immune system.

Deficiency causes decreased heart function,age related cognitive declain,Alzheimer's disease,tinkling and numbness of toes,fatigue.

Deficiency can be managed with use of pork,organ meats,whole garin/enriched cereals,brown rice,wheat germ,bran,brewer's yeast.

RIBOFLAVIN -VITAMIN B2 DEFICIENCY

Riboflavin helps in metabolism,,coverts carbohydrate to sugar,break down of fat and protein,healthy digestion,proper functioning of nervous system,skin,hair,eye,mouth,liver,also it has anti oxident properties

Deficiency causes poor iron absorption,anemia,decreased free radicles protection,cataracts,poor thyroid function,B6 deficiency,fatigue,elevated homocysteine

Deficiency can be treated with use of brewer's yeast,almonds,organ meat,whole grains,wheat germ,soy,dairy,mushrooms,egg,green vegetables

NIACIN -VITAMIN B3 DEFICIENCY

The liver can synthesis niacin from essential amino acid tryptophan,requiring 60 mg of tryptophan to make 1 mg of niacin

The main functions are eliminate toxins,sex/stress hormone production,improve circulation and good cholesterol level,digestion,proper functioning of skin,nervous system,hair ,eyes,liver

Deficiency causes pellagra can be treated with use of beets,brewer's yeast,meat,poultry,organ meat,fish,seeds,nuts.

DEFICIENCY OF FOLIC ACID

Folic acid with vitamin B 12 to regulate the production of RBC's,essential in the 1st trimester of pregnancy to prevent neural tube defects like spinabifida, cleftlip and palate,brain  function and mental health,heals in proper iron function,reduced homocysteine

Deficiency causes tiredness due to anemia,red tongue,impaired immune function,fatigue,insomnia,premature hair loss,risk for heart disease

Deficiency can be treated with use of fortified cereals,grains,tomato,green vegetables,black eyed peas,lentils,beans,carrots,yeast,liver,egg and yolks,melon,pumpkin,avocado,whole wheat

VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY

It is also called retinol.The main functions are improve appetite and taste,maintain immune system,gene transcription,embryo development and reproduction,bone metabolism,haematopoiesis,skin and cellular health,dental health,vision,

Deficiency causes increased death from diarrhea in children,night blindness,xerophthalmia,reduced immunity,increased risk of ear infections,UTI,fat malabsorption,enamel hypoplasia

Deficiency can be treated with the use of liver,cod liver oil,egg yolks,capsicum,sweet poteto,carrort,fortified cereals,broccoli,butter,spinach,pumpkin,papas,tomato,mango,milk

VITAMIN E DEFICIENCY

Vitamin E is called tocopherols,the main function is to fights toxins,protect from cell damage,supports immune function,DNA repair and metabolic processes

Deficiency causes infertility,weak muscles,premature ageing

Deficiency can be managed with use of sprouts,vegetable oils,spinach,cereals,apples,peaches,nuts,soya beans,broccoli,eggs

VITAMIN C DEFICIENCY

Vitamin C is also called ascorbic acid.The main functions on immune defense system,catalyst in iron absorption,protection from viruses and bacteria,healing of wounds, reducing cholesterol,cell life span prevent scurvy

Deficiency causes tierdness, scurvy,slow healing of wounds

Deficiency can be treated with use of citrus fruits,kiwi,berries,tomato,potato,cabbage,peppers,broccoli.