Describe the specific signal pathway that HIV uses after binding to CCR5
Describe the specific signal pathway that HIV uses after binding to CCR5
A) Draw and describe the Wnt signal transduction pathway i) with and ii) without ligand binding. Follow the molecules from the receptor, all the way into the nucleus. B) Summarize the formation of the dorsal axis in the Xenopus embryo beginning with the oocyte and proceeding through to the late blastula. Indicate where Wnt signaling is and is not activated. C) Explain the changes in gene expression that occur after Wnt activation and how these affect organizer genes and gastrulation....
Diagram 1: Pathway off - No Signal Present Self Renewal Pathway activated by signal binding event activates Question 2 Use the basic signaling diagram (Diagram 1) to answer the following questions: Do you agree with each of these statements? Yes or no, why or why not? A. TK1 activates TK2 by transferring a phosphate from ATP to TK2 B. Before the cell is exposed to signal, TK1 is phosphorylated C. RNA polymerase is phosphorylated by TFa. D. Binding of signal...
The binding of which host receptor induces the conformational change of the HIV fusion protein? OCD4 Sialic acid Heparin sulfate CCR5 The subviral structure that forms after HIV enters into cells serves multiple purposes including which of the following? (Check all that apply) O prevents ribosomes from accessing the ss (+) RNA genome Allows for production of mRNA Forms the structural basis for new viral particles O Allows entry of dNTPs so the reverse transcriptase enzyme can generate dsDNA
Describe how the signal transduction pathway that involves G proteins is similar to the signal transduction pathway involving inositol triphosphate. In a second paragraph describe how these 2 signal transduction pathways differ from one another. In a third paragraph describe how these 2 pathways are turned off.
1. With the aid of diagrams describe the phospholipase C signalling pathway from ligand binding to intracellular effects (55%). Explain how G proteins AND kinases act as switches in the pathway (45%).
Describe the signal transduction pathway (steps and where each occurs in the cell)
Describe and give an example of each of the 5 steps of a cellular signal pathway
Question 1 4 pts Answers only used once. The pathogen that coats its surface [Choose with human proteins [Choose] Treponema pallidum Hides in the sensory neurons, where it Herpes simplex virus neither replicates nor generates Influenza virus enough peptides to signal its presence Varicella-zoster to CTL's. Reactivation of pathogen from the infected ganglia after stress or immunosuppression causing shingles. [Choose] [Choose Pathogen that can utilize recombination/reassortment of RNA genomes of avian and human origins to create a new unseen strain....
a) Describe the VEGFR signal transduction pathway. What is a RTK? How does it transmit an external signal to the interior of the cell? What is the response of the cell? b) How can signal transduction pathways can be used to explore and develop possible new drugs for breast cancer treatment?
Retinoblastoma(Rb) is inactivated when a mitogen signal is received. This mitogen works through a signaling pathway that includes RAS. Describe each step that occurs from binding of the mitogen to turning on transcription of cell proliferation gene. Explain how and why mutations in Rb can lead to tumors.