Question

1. The traditional steam cycle used to produce electrical power contains 4 components, the boiler is labelled below. Label the remaining components in the blank provided. For each component, circle whether the component is associated with HEAT or WORK; then circle whether the component is associated with energy entering IN to the system or leaving OUT of the system. BOILER HEAT WORK IN OUT HEAT WORK IN OUT HEAT WORK IN OUT HEAT WORK IN OUT 2. You are driving past a power plant during its operation. What substance do you see coming out of the top of the cooling tower? 3. Natural gas contains about 95% of methane. Television commercials refer to natural gas as a clean burning fuel. What negative aspect of methane should the public understand in terms of its effect on the environment? 4. Compared to gasoline or diesel engine cars, why are electric cars able to use more environmentally friendly refrigerants for their air conditioning systems? 5. Steam power plants are about 60% efficient according to the first law of thermodynamics, but engineers tell the public that they are 90% efficient. Explain.
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Answer 1

BOILER CHEAT) CIN) Pump [(WORK) (IN) TURBINE (WORK) COUT) CONDENSOR CHEAT ) LOUT)

2)Steam comes out of the cooling tower.It is used to cool hot water after heating cycle in order to reuse it.While cooling, some amount of water comes out as steam.

3)Natural gas is cleaner and more effective fuel as compared to various fossil fuels.However, methane acts as a green house gas as it traps heat in the atmosphere causing global warming. It is also more efficient in trapping heat than other green house gases but has a shorter life span as compared to them.Hence,we need to regulate methane emissions.

4)Electric cars have emissions far lower than a diesel or gasoline engine car since they run on electric power.All systems,Including air conditioning run on the electric battery in the car.The compressor pushes the refrigerant through the chilling unit and cools the air.Also, most gasoline or diesel cars use the R-134a refrigerant, however electric cars being recent are able to adopt newer products like HFO-1234yf having nearly zero emissions.Lastly, an eco -friendly Ac system [Co2-MAC] complements the driving range of electric car so it more widely adopted.

5)This is because there are various losses in energy when converting or transferring  energy throughout the cycle. This is due to environmental forces(example. temperature,pressure is not at optimal points at all times).